Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut bentopelagis; kisaran kedalaman 60 - 300 m (Ref. 6651). Tropical
Western Indian Ocean: Kenya to Mossel Bay, South Africa and to Madagascar, Reunion and Mauritius (Ref. 33390).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 6651)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 4 - 5; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 13; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 13 - 14. Body grey or brown in color, with round pale spots dorsally; 1st dorsal fin black with pale border; pectorals greyish with pale margin (Ref. 6651).
The large spine on the shoulder is venomous.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Reproduksi, perkembang biakan | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva
Heemstra, P.C., 1986. Uranoscopidae. p. 735-736. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 6651)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
penggunaan manusia
Perikanan: komersial
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.2 - 22.8, mean 18.7 °C (based on 57 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00776 (0.00315 - 0.01914), b=3.09 (2.90 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (23 of 100).