Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 非产卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 30 m (Ref. 43448). 热带; 30°N - 26°S
Indo-West Pacific: northern Indian Ocean and the Indo-Australian Archipelago. A lessepsian migrant, now prevalent in the Mediterranean (Ref. 43448).
印度-西太平洋: 印度洋北部与印澳群岛。 一个 lessepsian 移居者, 现在普遍的在地中海中.(参考文献 43448)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 58652)
背棘 (总数) : 11 - 12; 背的软条 (总数) : 9 - 11; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8 - 9.
Adults inhabit coastal waters, entering brackish estuaries (Ref. 3132) and mangrove areas (Ref. 7300). Also in fresh waters (Ref. 30573). Feed on fishes and invertebrates. Eggs are guarded and fanned by the male parent (Ref. 205).
栖息于沿岸水域, 进入半咸淡的河口 (参考文献 3132) 与红树林区域。 (参考文献 7300) 也在淡水中.(参考文献 30573) 吃鱼与无脊椎动物。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
Eggs are guarded and fanned by the male parent (Ref. 205).印度-西太平洋: 印度洋北部与印澳群岛。 一个 lessepsian 移居者, 现在普遍的在地中海中.(参考文献 43448)
Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.8 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 3744 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00479 (0.00188 - 0.01218), b=3.09 (2.87 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.47 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 3.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (31 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 224 [135, 392] mg/100g; Iron = 1.08 [0.66, 1.73] mg/100g; Protein = 17.3 [16.5, 18.2] %; Omega3 = 0.163 [0.080, 0.322] g/100g; Selenium = 47.6 [23.2, 101.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 35.1 [14.5, 82.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.22 [1.56, 3.01] mg/100g (wet weight);
