Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 淡水; 半咸淡水 居于水底的. 熱帶
Western Indian Ocean: Kosi Bay to Knysna in South Africa. Possibly extending to Zanzibar, Tanzania.
西印度洋: 對在南非中的耐斯納的科西灣。 可能地延伸至坦尚尼亞的桑吉巴。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 51.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3879)
背棘 (总数) : 1; 背的软条 (总数) : 4; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 88 - 109. Preserved specimens brown or grey above, lighter brown or whitish below; 2 faint, longitudinal stripes sometimes present on body but not extending onto head (Ref. 3977).
保存的标本褐色或灰色的上方, 颜色淡的褐色或腹面略白的; 2条模糊又纵向的斑纹在身体上有时候有但是不延伸到头部.(参考文献 3977)
Found in estuaries and along open coasts. Enters freshwaters of South Africa (Ref. 3879). Feeds mainly on benthic invertebrates (Ref. 3478).
发现于河口了而且沿着开放的海岸。 进入南非的淡水。 (参考文献 3879) 主要吃底栖的无脊椎动物。 (参考文献 3478)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
西印度洋: 對在南非中的耐斯納的科西灣。 可能地延伸至坦尚尼亞的桑吉巴。
Taylor, W.R. and J.R. Gomon, 1986. Plotosidae. p. 160-162. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISBN, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3879)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 游钓鱼种: 是的
工具
特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.7 - 28, mean 26.9 °C (based on 388 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00199 - 0.01049), b=3.07 (2.86 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.37 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (45 of 100).
