Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) Υφαλόφιλο(α); μη μεταναστευτικό(ά); εύρος βάθους 1 - 50 m (Ref. 10482). Tropical
Eastern Central Pacific: restricted to the Hawaiian Islands and Johnston islands.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 16.5 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 3921)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 13; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 9; Εδρικές άκανθες: 3; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 5. Large pectoral fin, upper rays branched distally; dorsal fin spines longer than 1/2 body depth, membranes deeply incised. Scales ctenoid with about 50-55 vertical scale rows. Coronal spines present; some branching of head spines in large specimens. Suborbital ridge a single row of spines, not as broad patch of tiny spinules. Supraocular tentacle when present short, less than orbit diameter and usually absent; without black band.
Found under ledges in turbid lagoons and clear seaward reefs (Ref. 9710). Collected in depths from near shore to about 50 meters (Ref. 10482). Benthic in crevices and caves during day, or sometimes benthopelagic at night, at 1-134 m (Ref. 58302).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Randall, J.E., 1985. Guide to Hawaiian reef fishes. Harrowood Books, Newtown Square, PA 19073, USA. 74 p. (Ref. 3921)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Venomous
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); Ενυδρείο: Εμπορικό(ά)
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.2 - 28.4, mean 25.2 °C (based on 62 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00444 - 0.02358), b=3.01 (2.82 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 4.2 ±0.73 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 76.3 [40.5, 158.2] mg/100g; Iron = 0.735 [0.376, 1.792] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.2, 20.2] %; Omega3 = 0.241 [0.102, 0.676] g/100g; Selenium = 24.2 [12.6, 61.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 265 [89, 755] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.24 [0.82, 1.85] mg/100g (wet weight);
