分類 / Names
共通名の | 類義語 | Catalog of Fishes(部類, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
板鰓亜鋼(サメとエイ類) (sharks and rays) >
Heterodontiformes (Bullhead and horn sharks) >
Heterodontidae (Bullhead, horn, or Port Jackson sharks)
Etymology: Heterodontus: heteros (Gr.), different; odontos (Gr.), tooth, referring to pointy teeth (for clutching prey) at front of jaws, different than rounded molar-like teeth (for grinding hard-shelled invertebrates) at the back. (See ETYFish); zebra: Referring to 12 narrow brown or black zebra-like stripes on body. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Gray.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態学
海 関連する礁; 深さの範囲 0 - 200 m (Ref. 6871). Subtropical; 40°N - 20°S, 103°E - 155°E
Western Pacific: Japan to northwestern Australia (Ref. 6871) and Queensland.
Length at first maturity / サイズ / 重さ / 年齢
Maturity: Lm ?, range 84 - ? cm
Max length : 125 cm TL オス/雌雄の選別がない; (Ref. 2334)
背面の脊椎 (合計) : 2; 肛門の骨: 0. The Zebra bullhead shark, Heterodontus zebra, has a large blunt head, low supra-orbital crest gradually sloping behind eyes, dorsal fin spines, anal fin, and zebra-pattern of dark, narrow vertical bands on a pale background (Ref. 9838; 6871). As characteristic of members of the family, caudal fin with a moderately long dorsal lobe and moderately long ventral lobe, the latter shorter than the dorsal lobe, vertebral axis raised into caudal-fin lobe (Ref.9838).
A common but little-known shark found on the continental and insular shelves in depths down to at least 50 m (Ref. 247, 11230) in the South China Sea, but deeper and in 150 - 200 meters off Western Australia (Ref. 43278). Probably feeds on bottom invertebrates and small fishes (Ref. 6871). Oviparous (Ref. 247).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 幼生
Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Lays auger type eggs (about 12-18cm, 4.7-7 inches long) among rocks & kelp, often with more than female using same oviposition site, with as many eggs found in a single nest; female lay 2 eggs at a time, from spring to late summer in Japan, 6-12 times during a single spawning season. Eggs hatch in 1 year. Hatch at 18 cm (7 inches), max length at 1.2m (3.9 ft.). During courtship, male grasps pectoral fin of female & wraps posterior part of body under her so single clasper can be inserted into her cloaca. In several mating bouts observed, copulation lasted as long as 15 minutes (Ref. 12951).
Compagno, L.J.V., 2001. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Vol. 2. Bullhead, mackerel and carpet sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes). FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. 1(2):269 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 43278)
Human uses
水産業: 少数商業の; 水族館・水槽: 潜在的の
用具
特記事項
XMLをダウンロードして下さい
インターネットの情報源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 15.4 - 26.6, mean 21.8 °C (based on 223 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5059 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00380 (0.00166 - 0.00872), b=3.15 (2.95 - 3.35), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
栄養段階 (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低い, ４．５年～１４年の倍増期間の最小個体群 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (75 of 100).
