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Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Plesiobatidae (Deepwater stingrays)
Etymology: Plesiobatis: Greek, plesios = near + Greek, Greek, batis, batidos = a ray (Raja sp.) (Ref. 45335).
Eponymy: Dr David Herbert Davies (1922–1965) was a South African ichthyologist and oceanographer. [...] (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Taxonomic Remarks
Genus B. Mundy, pers. comm.
محیط زیست: محیط زیست / منطقه آب و هوایی / تغييرات عمق / محدوده توزیع
بوم شناسي
دريايي موجوداتی که در اعماق زیر 200 متر زندگی و تغذیه می کنند; تغييرات عمق 44 - 780 m (Ref. 58302), usually 275 - 680 m (Ref. 9914). Deep-water; 39°N - 37°S, 20°E - 154°W
Indo-Pacific: South Africa, Mozambique, southern India, east to the Philippines (Ref. 5281), north to Japan and south to Australia. Also reported from the Hawaiian Islands.
طول در اولین بلوغ / اندازه / وزن / سن
بلوغ: Lm 194.5, range 189 - 200 cm
Max length : 270 cm TL جنس نر / بدون خواص جنسي; (Ref. 3263)
خارهاي باله پشتي (کل) : 0. A giant plain stingray with a broadly pointed snout, small eyes and a round disc; tail short with a long caudal fin and a narrow sting; upper surface covered with denticles (Ref. 5578). Grey-black to brownish or purplish-brown above, white below; rear edges of pelvic fins and tail grey; disc edges black, and sting light (Ref. 5578).
Body shape (shape guide): other.
Found on the outer shelf and upper slope (Ref. 5578), on soft bottoms (Ref. 9914) at depths of 275-680 m (Ref.58048). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on small pelagic fish, eels, crabs, shrimp, lobsters, cephalopods and polychaete worms (Ref. 5578). The specimen taken from a depth of 44 m was caught off Mozambique (Ref. 9914). Its sting is long and can inflict a painful wound if handled. Caught occasionally by demersal longline fisheries in deepwater. Utilized for its meat, but not of a particularly high value (Ref.58048).
چرخه زندگی و رفتار جفتگیری
بلوغ | تولید مثل | تخم ریزی | تخم ها | باروری | توزاد ( لارو)
Nishida, K., 1990. Phylogeny of the suborder Myliobatidoidei. Mem. Fac. Fish. Hokkaido Univ. 37(1,2) (serial no. 54):1-108. (Ref. 7444)
وضعيت در فهرست قرمز IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
خطر برای انسان ها
Venomous
استفاده انسانی
ماهي گيري – شيلات: ارزش تحاري اندك
ابزارها
گزارش های ويژه
بارگيری XML
منابع اينترنتي
تخمینها بر اساس مدلها
دمای ترجیحی (مرجع
123201): 6.7 - 14.3, mean 9.7 °C (based on 641 cells).
شاخص تنوع فیلوژنتیکی (مرجع
82804): PD
50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
سطح تروفیک (مرجع
69278): 4.0 ±0.66 se; based on food items.
جهندگی (مرجع
120179): پايين ، كم, كمينه زمان لازم براي دو برابر شدن جمعيت 5/4 – 14 سال (Assuming fecundity<100).
آسیبپذیری ماهیگیری (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
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