分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 4 - 100 m (Ref. 6390). 熱帶; 30°N - 33°S, 33°E - 134°W (Ref. 5222)
Indo-Pacific: Kenya to Delagoa Bay, Mozambique, eastward to the Tuamoto Islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Queensland, Australia and including most islands of the Indian Ocean and of western and central Pacific. Unknown in the Red Sea and Persian Gulf. Misidentified as Plectropomus maculatus by some authors (Ref. 6448, 6892).
印度-太平洋: 肯亞到莫三比克的 Delagoa 灣, 向東至 Tuamoto 島, 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲的昆士蘭省與印度洋與西太平洋與中太平洋的包括大多數的島嶼。 在紅海與波斯灣的未知。 被誤鑑成 斑鰓棘鱸〔Plectropomus maculatus〕 被一些作者了。 (參考文獻 6448,6892)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 60 - ? cm
Max length : 125 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 30573); common length : 84.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 37816); 最大体重: 24.2 kg (Ref. 40637)
背棘 (总数) : 7 - 8; 背的软条 (总数) : 10 - 12; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8.
A voracious piscivore inhabiting coral-rich areas of lagoon and seaward reefs. Encountered most frequently in channels and outer shelf reefs. Migrate over short distances to spawn, forming large aggregations, maybe 1 or 2 per reef (Ref. 6390). Feeds mostly on fishes, and occasionally on crustaceans (Ref. 9710). The prey comprises a variety of large reef fishes, including groupers, and this diet of large fishes is responsible for the high concentrations of ciguatera toxins. Juveniles may mimic the pufferfish Canthigaster valentini. Usually wary (Ref. 9710). The young have a demersal existence in shallow water in reef habitats, especially around coral rubble (Ref. 27259). They feed on small fish and invertebrates such as crustaceans and squid (Ref. 27261). Eggs float just below the surface (Ref. 6390). The pelagic larvae are found in habitats similar to those of the adults (Ref. 27260). An excellent table fish (Ref. 6390).
一个贪食的鱼食动物居住于泻湖与临海礁石的珊瑚礁繁盛区域。 常见于峡道与外部的大陆架礁了。 短距离上移动产卵, 形成大的群集, 也许每礁 1 或 2.(参考文献 6390) 大部份捕食鱼, 与偶然地吃甲壳动物.(参考文献 9710) 猎物包含多种大的珊瑚礁鱼类,包括鲈科鱼类，而且大鱼的这一个食性是雪卡鱼毒毒素的高集中的原因。 稚鱼会拟态河 瓦氏尖鼻 ［Canthigaster valentini］ 。 通常小心的.(参考文献 9710) 幼鱼有一个在礁石栖地中的浅水区中的底栖生存, 尤其在珊瑚残砾周围.(参考文献 27259) 他们吃小鱼与无脊椎动物例如甲壳动物与乌贼。 (参考文献 27261) 卵飘浮紧邻水面下。 (参考文献 6390) 大洋性的仔鱼被发现于栖息地类似那成鱼的那些.(参考文献 27260) 一个优良的食用鱼.(参考文献 6390)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
印度-太平洋: 肯亞到莫三比克的 Delagoa 灣, 向東至 Tuamoto 島, 北至琉球群島, 南至澳洲的昆士蘭省與印度洋與西太平洋與中太平洋的包括大多數的島嶼。 在紅海與波斯灣的未知。 被誤鑑成 斑鰓棘鱸〔Plectropomus maculatus〕 被一些作者了。 (參考文獻 6448,6892)
Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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特别资料
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.5 - 28.9, mean 27.6 °C (based on 276 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00609 - 0.01643), b=3.07 (2.93 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (61 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 20.8 [13.2, 35.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.482 [0.266, 0.777] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [16.9, 20.3] %; Omega3 = 0.133 [0.090, 0.206] g/100g; Selenium = 47.6 [28.5, 84.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 76.1 [28.9, 230.2] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.698 [0.493, 0.988] mg/100g (wet weight);
