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Epinephelus chlorocephalus (Valenciennes, 1830)

Tonga grouper
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Epinephelus chlorocephalus
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Classification / Names Nombres comunes | Sinónimos | Catalog of Fishes(Género, Especie) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Perciformes/Serranoidei (Groupers) > Epinephelidae (Groupers)
Etymology: Epinephelus: Greek, epinephelos = cloudy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecología

marino demersal. Tropical; 20°S - 23°S, 177°W - 174°W (Ref. 5222)

Distribución Países | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Point map | Introducciones | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: known only from Tonga.

Tamaño / Peso / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 17.1 cm SL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 4787)

Short description Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total) : 11; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 17; Espinas anales: 3; Radios blandos anales: 8. Distinguished by the following characteristics: dorsal part of head and snout green; cheeks pale green; body greenish with 7-8 alternating stripes of greenish brown and yellow-orange; dorsal and anal fins greenish, spotted with reddish brown at base; paired fins light greenish without spots; caudal fin greenish with faint reddish bars; body depth 3.4 times in SL; head length 2.6 times in SL; pointed head; interorbital area flat; dorsal profile of head slightly convex; subangular preopercle;, 5 distinctly enlarged serrae at the angle; straight upper edge of operculum; maxilla not reaching past vertical at rear edge of eye; 2 rows of teeth in midlateral part of lower jaw; caudal fin rounded; ctenoid lateral body scales (Ref. 089707).

Biología     Glosario (por ej. epibenthic)

Nothing is known of its habitat and biology (Ref. 5222). Absence of additional specimens is puzzling. The only specimen was obtained from the natives of Tongatapu by J. Quoy and P. Gaimard during the expedition of J. Dumont d'Urville, 1826-1829.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproducción | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larva

Main reference Upload your references | Referencias | Coordinador | Colaboradores

Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 22 November 2016

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Pesquerías: sin interés
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Trophic ecology
componentes alimenticios
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Despredadores
Ecology
Ecología
Population dynamics
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Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
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Life cycle
Reproducción
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Egg(s)
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Toxicities (LC50s)
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Stamps, coins, misc.
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Fuentes de Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Género, Especie | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Árbol de la vida | Wikipedia: Go, búsqueda | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Expediente Zoológico

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01175 (0.00571 - 0.02419), b=3.04 (2.88 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico (Ref. 69278):  3.6   ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resiliencia (Ref. 120179):  Alto, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo inferior a 15 meses (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (11 of 100).