Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة القاع. Temperate; 5°C - 25°C (Ref. 13614); 53°N - 23°N, 95°E - 143°E
Asia: Honshu, Shikoku and Kyushu in Japan, the Korean Peninsula, Taiwan, China, and Russia.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm 36.0, range 35 - 37 cm
Max length : 130 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 56557); common length : 37.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 35840); أعلا وزن تم نشرة: 30.0 kg (Ref. 56557)
الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 4; أشعه شرجية لينه: 67 - 84. The side of the dorsal is dark grey; white stomach; with irregular white dots on the side. One pair of maxillary barbel, longer than the head; one pair of mandibular barbels, about 1/5-1/3 the length of the maxillary barbel (Ref. 40516).
Commercially cultured in Japan. Adults feed on all types of fish (Ref. 41072). Recorded as having been or being farmed in rice fields (Ref. 119549).
Pairs manifest spawning embrace widely observed in other catfish species (Ref. 37360).
Details of reproductive behaviour from Katano, et al (1988): " A male first energeticaly pursued a female with its head near to the female's belly (chasing) and then began to cling to the female's body from the side, bending its tail or head (clinging). Finally the male enfolded the female's body, with its anus near to the female's (enfolding). In some cases, 2-4 males pursued a single female and two males enfolded a female at the same time. Although no aggressive behaviour was evident between males, it was always the largest male that could almost frequently approach and enfold the female. The mating pair moved a long distance in a ditch, paddy field and/or creek, performing reproductive activities."
The scattering of eggs may reduce the incidence of death of the young.
Kobayakawa, M., 1989. Systematic revision of the catfish genus Silurus, with description of a new species from Thailand and Burma. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 36(2):155-186. (Ref. 9417)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: تجاري; الأستزراع المائي: تجاري
أدوات
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00589 (0.00500 - 0.00694), b=3.01 (2.96 - 3.06), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 4.4 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
Generation time: 10.0 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (tm=4-5; K=0.11).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (65 of 100).
