ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກອ່ອນ (ເຊັ່ນ: ປາສະຫລາມ, ປາຜາໄລ) (sharks and rays) >
Squaliformes (Sleeper and dogfish sharks) >
Etmopteridae (Lantern sharks)
Etymology: Centroscyllium: Greek, kentron = sting + Greek, skylla = a kind of shark (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ ກ່ຽວກັບ(ຢູ່)ຊັ້ນນ້ຳໃນທະເລທີ່ເໜີອພື້ນດິນ, usually 180 - 2250 m (Ref. 117245). Deep-water; 1°C - 5°C (Ref. 117245); 68°N - 57°S, 99°W - 120°E (Ref. 55215)
Northwest Atlantic: South Baffin Island and Greenland to Virginia, USA and possibly the Gulf of Mexico. Eastern Atlantic: Iceland along Atlantic slope to Senegal; Guinea to Sierra Leone; Namibia to Quoin Point, South Africa (Ref. 5578). Southwest Atlantic: Uruguay to Argentina (Ref. 58839).
Length at first maturity / ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm 64.0, range 58 - 70 cm
Max length : 107 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. ); common length : 84.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 247); common length :70 cm TL (female)
Adults uniformly blackish; fins of juveniles with white margins (Ref. 6577).
Found on the outermost continental shelves and upper slopes, mostly below 275 m (Ref. 247). Epibenthic-pelagic (Ref. 58426). At high latitudes, may move up to the surface especially during the winter (Ref. 247). Bottom water temp. Are from 3.5 to 4.5°C, but sometimes down to 1°C. Segregation by sex and size as well as by movement into shallower water and by increase in school size is sometimes seen. Feeds on crustaceans, cephalopods, jellyfish and small fishes. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205), with at least 14 pups in a litter (Ref. 247). Has luminescent organs in skin. May reach 107 cm.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | ການສືບພັນ | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ການປະມົງແບບກຸ້ມຕົນເອງ
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 1.6 - 9.9, mean 4.2 °C (based on 219 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5078 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00288 (0.00159 - 0.00523), b=3.08 (2.91 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ຕຳ່, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 4.5 - 14 ປີ (Fec=14).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (64 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 6.51 [1.15, 36.11] mg/100g; Iron = 0.304 [0.072, 1.034] mg/100g; Protein = 17.9 [15.9, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.262 [0.092, 0.828] g/100g; Selenium = 17.1 [4.9, 53.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 13.3 [2.5, 68.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.352 [0.164, 0.692] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
