ইলাসমোব্রাঙ্কি (হাঙ্গর এবং রে) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Hypolophinae
Etymology: Pastinachus: Latin, pastinaca = a sting ray (Ref. 45335); gracilicaudus: Name from Latin 'gracilis' meaning slender, thin and 'cauda' for tail, appendage; referring to the slender appearance of the tail and narrow ventral cutaneous fold, as compared to other members of the genus Pastinachus..
More on authors: Last & Manjaji-Matsumoto.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক সমুদতলে ভাসমান বেনথোপেলাজিক; গভীরতার পরিসীমা ? - 60 m (Ref. 90102). Tropical
Western Pacific: This species is reasonably common but patchily distributed in both Malaysian and Indonesian Borneo, including Sabah, Sarawak, and western and northeastern Kalimantan. Possibly more widespread in the Indo-Malay Archipelago, east to at least the Wallace Line and the the identity of a specimen collected off Beruwala (Sri Lanka) needs confirmation.
আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 74.7 cm WD পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 84288); 83.0 cm WD (female)
Short description
সনাক্তকারী নির্দেশক | বহিঃ অঙ্গ সংস্থান | মরফোমেট্রিক্স
This medium-sized species (attaining about 75 cm DW) is distinguished by the following set of characters: snout rounded, not produced, angle more than 115°, apex largely naked and lacking enlarged denticles; disc length 83-89% DW; head length 38-41% DW; preoral length 15-17% DW; distance between nostrils 7-8% DW; distance between first gill slits 18-20% DW; tail compressed above mid-base of ventral cutaneous fold, its width 0.5-0.8 times its height; ventral fold low and slender, length 0.7-1.0 times DW, 17-22 times its depth below its mid-base, depth 2.0-3.6 times tail height at its mid-base; distance from anterior cloaca to sting 0.8-1 in precloacal length; two large, midscapular pearl thorns, usually preceded by a smaller irregular thorn; 120-122 pectoral-fin radials; monospondylous vertebral centra (exc. synarcual) 37-40 (Ref. 84288).
The depth occupied by this species is unknown as most material were collected in fish markets, but probably mainly coastal. A 69.5 cm DW adult male weighed ca 12 kg. Size at birth apparently variable; 83.0 cm DW female delivered a full term embryo with small umbilical scar; however, other retained specimens, 26.1 cm DW still had a substantial yolk sac, while in another 19.3 cm DW specimen the umbilical scar was barely visible. All these young specimens have large mid-scapular tubercles and well-developed denticles over most of the dorsal disc; a small embryo with yolk sac (16.5 cm DW) had prominent mid-scapular tubercles, but other denticles are just starting to form on the disc (Ref. 84288).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | প্রজনন | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | শুককীট
Last, P.R. and B.M. Manjaji-Matsumoto, 2010. Description of a new stingray, Pastinachus gracilicaudus sp. nov. (Elasmobranchii: Myliobatiformes), based on material from the Indo-Malay Archipelago. pp. 115-128. In Last, P.R., White, W.T. & Pogonoski, J.J. (eds.): Descriptions of new sharks and rays from Borneo. CSIRO Marine and Atmospheric Research Paper no. 32. (Ref. 84288)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
হাতিয়ার
Special reports
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5312 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00244 - 0.04107), b=3.04 (2.81 - 3.27), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
