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Carangaria/misc (Various families in series Carangaria) >
Centropomidae (Snooks)
Etymology: Centropomus: Greek, kentron = sting + Greek, poma, -atos = cover, operculum (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Günther.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά); Γλυκού νερού; Υφάλμυρο βενθικό(ς). Tropical; 29°N - 0°N, 113°W - 77°W
Eastern Pacific: southwestern coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico and the central Gulf of California to Ecuador.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 65.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 55763); common length : 30.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 55763); μεγ. δημοσιευμένο βάρος: 3.2 kg (Ref. 40637)
Short description
Κλείδες προσδιορισμού | Μορφολογία | Μορφομετρία
Body slender and not very deep; dorsal profile slightly concave behind the eyes; lateral line extending to posterior edge of caudal fin; second anal spine, when folded down, not reaching origin of caudal fin; pectoral fins shorter than pelvic fins; anal fin with 7 rays; back blue or gray; belly silvery; lateral line dark. Membranes between second and third anal spines black; distal quarter of pelvic fins generally dark (Ref. 55763).
Adults inhabit bays and estuaries (Ref. 37955). Also found in high altitudes of at least 250 m elevation and a distance of some 20 km from the coast. They also occur in coastal waters, but is more abundant in estuaries of any size. Enter freshwaters mostly in large rivers and feeds on fish and crustaceans (Ref. 36880).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Bussing, W.A., 1995. Centropomidae. Róbalos. p. 987-995. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9284)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
αλιεία: Εμπορικό(ά); αλιεία αναψυχής: ναί
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.3 - 28.6, mean 27.5 °C (based on 36 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00741 (0.00464 - 0.01185), b=3.04 (2.90 - 3.18), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.65 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Μεσαίο(α), ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού 1,4 - 4,4 έτη (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 128 [73, 204] mg/100g; Iron = 1.09 [0.73, 1.62] mg/100g; Protein = 19.5 [17.2, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.255 [0.116, 0.568] g/100g; Selenium = 48.6 [27.0, 89.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12.2 [5.1, 28.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.06 [0.81, 1.42] mg/100g (wet weight);
