Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 15 - 60 m (Ref. 74961), usually 20 - ? m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 40°N - 40°S
Indo-Pacific: Persian Gulf and East Africa to New Guinea, south to Western Australia.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 30573)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 13; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 10 - 12; شوكة شرجية: 3; أشعه شرجية لينه: 7 - 8. This species is distinguished by having no spots on the median fins and generally, its shorter dorsal spines (Ref. 74961).
Benthic (Ref. 68964). Found on muddy substrates, from well-protected shallow estuaries to quiet, deep offshore reefs (Ref. 9710, 48635). Also found in bays and coastal waters, solitary (Ref 90102).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Eschmeyer, W.N., 1986. Scorpaenidae. p. 463-478. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4313)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً; حوض مائي: احواض مائية عامة
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.6 - 29.1, mean 28.1 °C (based on 974 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00851 (0.00431 - 0.01683), b=2.96 (2.79 - 3.13), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (Ref.
120179): منخفض, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع 4.5-14 سنة (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 48.2 [24.0, 102.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.591 [0.300, 1.384] mg/100g; Protein = 18.5 [16.4, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.239 [0.099, 0.644] g/100g; Selenium = 28.1 [12.7, 67.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 212 [61, 715] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.26 [0.83, 1.88] mg/100g (wet weight);
