分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Anguilliformes (Eels and morays)
鰻鱺目 (Eels and morays) >
Muraenidae (Moray eels)
鯙科 (Moray eels) > Muraeninae
Etymology: Gymnothorax: Greek, gymnos = naked + Greek, thorax, -akos = breast (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 30573). 熱帶; 30°N - 25°S
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa (Ref. 33390) to the Marquesas and Oeno Atoll (Pitcairn Group), north to the Ryukyu and Hawaiian islands, south to New Caledonia and the Austral Islands.
印度-太平洋: 紅海與東非 (參考文獻 33390) 到馬可薩斯島與奧埃諾群島環礁 (皮特凱恩島群), 北至琉球與夏威夷群島, 南至新加勒多尼亞與奧斯垂群島。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 300 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); 最大體重: 30.0 kg (Ref. 30404)
背棘 (總數) : 0; 臀棘: 0; 脊椎骨: 137 - 143. Juveniles are tan with numerous large black spots. Adults have black specks that grade into leopard-like spots behind the head and a black area surrounding the gill opening.
稚魚是黃褐色的有很多的大黑色斑點。 成魚有逐漸變成的黑色的斑點豹紋狀的斑點在頭部後面與一個黑色的區域圍住鰓裂。
Found in lagoon and seaward reefs. Commonly seen species along deep drop-offs and slopes in Indonesian waters (Ref. 48635). Benthic (Ref. 58302). Juveniles more secretive and occur on intertidal reef flats (Ref. 37816). It feeds primarily on fishes and occasionally on crustaceans. This is the largest Indo-Pacific moray eel (Ref. 30404), perhaps reaching 3 m in length. Because of its position at the top of the reef's food chain it is often ciguatoxic. Attacks humans when provoked (Ref. 3132). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 10713. Solitary in reef holes (Ref 90102).
發現於潟湖與臨海礁石.。 通常在印尼的水域沿著深的海峭壁與斜坡見到種.(參考文獻 48635) 底棲的.(參考文獻 58302) 稚魚更躲躲藏藏的而且生存在潮間帶的礁石平臺上面.(參考文獻 37816) 它主要捕食魚與偶然地吃甲殼動物。 這是最大的印度-太平洋的海鰻 (參考文獻 30404), 也許達到 3 公尺長。 因為它的位置在礁的食物的頂端用鐵鍊鎖住它時常有西加毒的。 攻擊人類當被激怒時.(參考文獻 3132) 最小深度報告取自參考文獻 10713.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
Observations on prespawning behavior include a pair entwined around one another lying on the bottom of the reef area (Ref. 93344).印度-太平洋: 紅海與東非 (參考文獻 33390) 到馬可薩斯島與奧埃諾群島環礁 (皮特凱恩島群), 北至琉球與夏威夷群島, 南至新加勒多尼亞與奧斯垂群島。
Chen, H.-M., K.-T. Shao and C.T. Chen, 1994. A review of the muraenid eels (Family Muraenidae) from Taiwan with descriptions of twelve new records. Zool. Stud. 33(1):44-64. (Ref. 6934)
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業; 水族館: 公眾的水族館
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.5 - 29, mean 28.1 °C (based on 902 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00052 (0.00033 - 0.00084), b=3.27 (3.14 - 3.40), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.9 ±0.64 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Fec = 200,000-300,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 13.9 [6.4, 22.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.337 [0.184, 0.805] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [16.5, 21.5] %; Omega3 = 0.0798 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 66.2 [30.4, 144.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 33.1 [8.1, 132.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.763 [0.513, 1.122] mg/100g (wet weight);
