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Symphurus monostigmus Munroe, 2006

Spotbelly tonguefish
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Symphurus monostigmus   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Symphurus monostigmus (Spotbelly tonguefish)
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drawing shows typical species in Cynoglossidae.

Classification / Names Common names | Synonyms | Catalog of Fishes(genus, species) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

Teleostei (teleosts) > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Cynoglossidae (Tonguefishes) > Symphurinae
Etymology: Symphurus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335);  monostigmus: Name from the Greek word 'manos' (= one) and 'stigma' (= spot), referring to the single, conspicuous, black spot on the anteroventral region of the ocular side of the abdomen..

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecology

Marine; demersal; depth range 65 - 110 m (Ref. 57441). Temperate

Distribution Countries | FAO areas | Ecosystems | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Western Indian Ocean: South Africa.

Size / Weight / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 5.5 cm SL male/unsexed; (Ref. 57441)

Short description Identification keys | Morphology | Morphometrics

Dorsal soft rays (total): 86; Anal soft rays: 73 - 74; Vertebrae: 48. This species is distinguished by having an irregular, conspicuous, dark spot overlying the anteroventral ocular-side body cavity; a 1-2-2-2-2 ID pattern; caudal-fin rays 14; D 86; A 73-74; vertebrae, abdominal 9 (3 + 6), total 48; hypurals 5; longitudinal scale rows 92; transverse scale rows 36-38; scale rows on the head posterior to lower orbit 18-19; body deep (BD = 28.8-32.4% of HL); preanal length short (PAL = 21.3-25.5% of SL); upper head lobe much wider than lower lobe; head moderately short (HL = 18.0-20.2% of SL), with head length much shorter than head width (HW/HL = 1.38-1.42); postorbital length long (POL = 75.8-79.4% of HL); snout short (SNL = 13.6-14.8% of HL; SNL/ED = 1.08-1.25), rounded to obliquely blunt anteriorly; dorsal-fin origin at vertical at anterior margin of upper eye; predorsal length short (PDL= 16.4-19.3% of HL); eyes equal in position (anterior margin of upper eye equal with anterior margin of lower eye), or slightly subequal (with anterior margin of upper eye anterior to that of lower eye); no fleshy ridge on ocular-side lower jaw. Colouration: ocular-side pigmentation yellowish-white with numerous freckles along bases of dorsal- and anal-fin rays; blind-side pigmentation uniformly white; peritoneum bluish-black (Ref. 126065) .

Biology     Glossary (e.g. epibenthic)

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae

Main reference Upload your references | References | Coordinator | Collaborators

Munroe, T.A., 2006. New western Indian Ocean tonguefish (Pleuronectiformes: Cynoglossidae, Symphurus). Copeia 2006(2):230-234. (Ref. 57441)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Data deficient (DD) ; Date assessed: 14 August 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource |

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Internet sources

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: genus, species | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, Search | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00647 - 0.03228), b=3.05 (2.85 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).
Trophic level (Ref. 69278):  3.2   ±0.4 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilience (Ref. 120179):  High, minimum population doubling time less than 15 months (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (10 of 100).