Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
; المياه العذبة قاعية التغذية و المعيشة. Temperate
Europe: Croatia in River Lika and its tributary Jadova.
Length at first maturity / الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ?, range 6 - ? cm
Max length : 9.3 cm SL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 50603)
وصف مختصر
مفاتيح التعريف | الوصف الخارجي | قياسات المظهر الخارجي
فقرات: 37 - 39. Diagnosed from its congeners by the possession of the following characters: conical snout, not stout, terminal mouth; body fully covered by scales, scales relatively small, widely spaced especially on dorsal and ventral surfaces; scales deeply embedded in skin; skin conspicuously thickened in adults especially during spawning season when most scales are not visible; lateral line scales located close to each other and larger than remaining scales of body; and lateral line interrupted or not, usually ending on caudal peduncle, usually with 51-60 pored scales (Ref. 59043).
Inhabits streams with slow current and clear water. Enters subterranean waters and springs in karstic areas. May live during winter in subterranean waters or hidden in mud depending on water level. After spawning, move into subterranean stretches of streams. May return to surface stream when water level increases again in autumn. Threatened by increasing water abstraction and introduction of Squalius cephalus and Lepomis gibbosus (Ref. 59043).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof, 2007. Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01000 (0.00434 - 0.02305), b=3.02 (2.81 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.1 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
