Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
البيئة
بحري; مياه مخلوطة مرتبطة بالشعاب; نطاق العمق 0 - 8 m (Ref. 9710). Tropical; 30°N - 23°S, 32°E - 169°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and East Africa to Samoa, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to the Great Barrier Reef and New Caledonia.
الحجم / وزن / العمر
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 14.0 cm TL ذكر/ مختلط الجنس; (Ref. 48636)
الأشواك الظهرية (المجموع) : 12; الأشعة الظهرية الناعمة (المجموع) : 18 - 20; شوكة شرجية: 2; أشعه شرجية لينه: 19 - 21. Numerous pale spots, dark streaks anteriorly, and several dusky bands (Ref. 4404).
Facultative air-breathing (Ref. 126274); Adults inhabit reef flats as well as shallow lagoon and seaward reefs. Also found in estuarine areas with algae-rich rubble patches on reef flats and slopes. Intertidal to a few meters depth (Ref. 48636). Usually found in areas of mixed coral, sand, and rubble (Ref. 9710). Found solitary in weedy areas on rocks and coral outcrops (Ref. 90102). Feed by scraping off algae (Ref. 1602). Oviparous. Eggs are demersal and adhesive (Ref. 205), and are attached to the substrate via a filamentous, adhesive pad or pedestal (Ref. 94114). Larvae are planktonic, often found in shallow, coastal waters (Ref. 94114). Neither fang nor venom gland is present (Ref. 57406). Also Ref. 58652.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | التكاثر | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larvae
Oviparous, distinct pairing (Ref. 205).
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
استخدامات بشرية
مصائد: غير مهمة تجارياً; حوض مائي: تجاري
أدوات
تقارير خاصة
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مصادر علي الأنترنت
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 2623 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00442 - 0.01565), b=3.02 (2.85 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
مستوى غذائي (Ref.
69278): 2.0 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
المرونه (Ref.
120179): عالي, الحد الزمني الأدني لتضاعف عدد أفراد المجتمع أقل من 15 شهر (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 129 [58, 221] mg/100g; Iron = 0.745 [0.415, 1.336] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [17.0, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.0797 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 20.7 [9.3, 47.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 96.6 [25.7, 368.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.78 [1.80, 4.27] mg/100g (wet weight);
