分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sparidae (Porgies)
鯛科 (Porgies)
Etymology: Diplodus: Greek, diploos = twice + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 礁區魚類; 深度上下限 0 - 50 m (Ref. 27121). 熱帶; - 35°S
Southeast Atlantic and Western Indian Ocean: Angola to Mozambique and southern Madagascar, possibly reaching Mauritius (Ref. 3168, 3198).
東南大西洋與西印度洋: 安哥拉到莫三比克與馬達加斯加南部, 可能地達到模里西斯。 (參考文獻 3168,3198)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 21.1 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3198); common length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3507); 最大年齡: 21 年 (Ref. 26244)
背棘 (總數) : 12; 背的軟條 (總數) : 14 - 15; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 13 - 14. Young specimens with fine crossbars; large adults almost uniformly black.
幼魚有細的交叉條紋; 大的成魚幾乎均勻黑色。
Adults occur in shallow rocky and sandy substrate; juveniles in shallow reefs, estuary mouths and intertidal pools, sandy beach surf zone. Omnivorous on seaweeds, sponges and bivalves. Also feeds on crustaceans, worms, mollusks, and fish. Sold fresh or whole and as bait.
成魚出現在水淺的岩石與砂質底部; 稚魚在淺水礁區，河口嘴與潮間帶潮池，沙灘海浪區。 在海草，海綿與二枚貝上的雜食性。 也吃甲殼動物，蠕蟲，軟體動物與魚。 生鮮販賣了或整個的與如誘餌。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
東南大西洋與西印度洋: 安哥拉到莫三比克與馬達加斯加南部, 可能地達到模里西斯。 (參考文獻 3168,3198)
Bauchot, M.-L. and J.-C. Hureau, 1990. Sparidae. p. 790-812. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3688)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 01 December 2009
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的; 誘餌: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 18.6 - 27, mean 25.9 °C (based on 56 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01514 (0.00951 - 0.02409), b=3.08 (2.95 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.15 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 7.7 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=3; tmax=21).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 50.6 [25.9, 83.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.626 [0.349, 1.128] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [18.2, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.127 [0.067, 0.248] g/100g; Selenium = 33.1 [18.4, 56.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 63 [18, 194] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.35 [0.92, 1.85] mg/100g (wet weight);
