分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Syngnathiformes (Pipefishes and seahorses) >
Syngnathidae (Pipefishes and seahorses) > Syngnathinae
Etymology: Hippocampus: Greek, ippos = horse + Greek,kampe = curvature (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Bleeker.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的; 深度上下限 0 - 68 m (Ref. 37816), usually 0 - 8 m (Ref. 90102). 热带; 39°N - 28°S, 32°E - 154°W (Ref. 57009)
Indo-Pacific: southern Africa, the Red Sea to Hawaii and French Polynesia; north to Japan, south to Australia.
印度-太平洋: 巴基斯坦与印度到日本南部，夏威夷, 与社会群岛.(参考文献 30915) 在印度-太平洋也许这一个名称被用在 10个不同的种。 (参考文献 12238,30915) 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 14.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 1602)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 背的软条 (总数) : 17 - 18; 臀棘: 0; 臀鳍软条: 4.
描述: (以 80件标本为依据): 成鱼的高度: 7.0-17.0 公分。 环: 11+36.(34-38) 吻的长度: 2.3(2.0-2.6) 分之一头长。 背鳍鳍条: 17-18 覆盖 2+1个环。 胸鳍鳍条: 16.(15-18) 冠: 低中等的，圆形的, 在背部悬于之上, 时常在顶端中具有一个像杯子一样的凹洼; 有时有宽的边缘; 不是刺状。 棘: 只有的低又圆形的肿块。 其他的显着特性: 深的头部; 深的身体; 厚的吻。
彩色斑纹: 时常完全地黑色的有一种粒状的质地; 或者白黄色或乳黄色的具有非常大又深色的斑点;(尤其雌性) 可能是沙的色彩,与环境混合。
Inhabit seagrass and marine algae areas of estuaries and seaward reefs; also on steep mud slopes. Found in open water and attached to drifting Sargassum up to 20 km from shore. Adults in pairs (Ref. 48635). Benthic to pelagic (Ref. 58302). Feeds on zooplankton (Ref. 85309). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205). The males carry the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205). Not shown to be monogamous in the laboratory (Ref. 30915). Very popular aquarium fish. Highly valued species in traditional Chinese medicine (Ref. 30915). Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35416).
栖息于海草与河口与临海礁石的海藻区域; 也在陡峭的泥斜坡上。 发现于开放水域而且依附于漂流 马尾藻 向上到离岸20公里。 成鱼成对出现。 (参考文献 48635) 卵胎生的.(参考文献 205) 雄鱼带卵在一个孵卵袋是在尾部下面发现.(参考文献 205) 非常受欢迎的水族馆鱼。 高度地在传统的中药材中评价了种。 (参考文献 30915) 曾经后面在繁殖场.(参考文献 35416)
There are 20 - 1000 larvae in incubating sacks; time of development is 20-28 days. The males carry the eggs in a brood pouch which is found under the tail (Ref. 205).印度-太平洋: 巴基斯坦与印度到日本南部，夏威夷, 与社会群岛.(参考文献 30915) 在印度-太平洋也许这一个名称被用在 10个不同的种。 (参考文献 12238,30915) 国际间的买卖被监视过一个授权系统 ( CITES2, 自从 5.15.04 以后) ，而且一个 10 公分的最小大小应用。
Lourie, S.A., R.A. Pollom and S.J. Foster, 2016. A global revision of the seahorses Hippocampus Rafinesque 1810 (Actinopterygii: Syngnathiformes): taxonomy and biogeography with recommendations for further research. Zootaxa 4146(1):1-66. (Ref. 115213)
人类利用
渔业: 高经济性; 养殖: 商业性; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.3 - 29, mean 27.8 °C (based on 1008 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00447 (0.00177 - 0.01127), b=3.00 (2.78 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Generation time: 1.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (tm=0.6; Fec=20-1000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 120 [63, 293] mg/100g; Iron = 1.43 [0.71, 2.71] mg/100g; Protein = 18.2 [16.8, 19.6] %; Omega3 = 0.117 [0.048, 0.280] g/100g; Selenium = 80.9 [32.1, 214.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 26.5 [6.8, 105.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.06 [1.22, 3.28] mg/100g (wet weight);
