分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Labridae (Wrasses)
隆頭魚科 (Wrasses)
Etymology: Symphodus: Greek, syn, symphysis = grown together + Greek, odous = teeth (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 非迁移的, usually 1 - 30 m (Ref. 35388). 溫帶; 63°N - 28°N, 32°W - 25°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Morocco and the Azores. Also known from the western Mediterranean and Adriatic seas.
東大西洋: 挪威到摩洛哥與亞速群島。 也已知來自地中海西部與亞得里亞海。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 8.5, range 7 - 10 cm
Max length : 28.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4742); common length : 20.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 4742); 最大年龄: 9 年 (Ref. 4742)
背棘 (总数) : 14 - 17; 背的软条 (总数) : 8 - 10; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 8 - 11. A few cephalic pores (7-12) on snout. Lips with 5-7 folds. Scales on temporo-occipital surface 3-5 rows; on inter-operculum 2-3 (6-13) scales; on cheek 4-7; behind eye 1. A small dark spot on caudal peduncle. Often 5 large brown blotches near dorsal fin. Females and young: with numerous spots on body more or less longitudinally lined, some sinuous lines on head (Ref. 231). Coloration very variable; ground color of the male is greenish or blue while females are brownish to yellowish (Ref. 35388).
在吻上的一些头部的孔 (7-12)。 嘴唇有 5-7 摺层。 在 temporo 上的鳞片-后头骨表面 3-5 列; 在之中上-鳃盖 2-3(6-13) 鳞片; 在颊上 4-7; 在眼 1 后面. 一种小的深色斑点在尾梗上。 时常在背鳍附近的 5个大的褐色斑块。 雌性与幼鱼: 在身体上的有很多的斑点约略纵向地线, 在头部上的一些弯曲的线.(参考文献 231) 颜色非常可变的; 雄鱼的底色是呈绿色或者蓝色的，雌性是褐色的到淡黄色的.(参考文献 35388)
This schooling, territorial fish occurs in the littoral zone, near rocks and eel-grass beds, also in lagoons. In summer ripe females show short ovipositor. Seaweed nest built by male among rocks or in crevices. Sex reversal sometimes observed. Feed on mollusks, hydroids, bryozoans, worms and various crustaceans (Ref. 4742). Males grow faster than females (Ref. 4742). Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
这群游性, 在岩石与鳗草床的附近，具有领域性鱼出现于海滨的区域中, 也在泻湖中。 在夏天，成熟的雌性显示短的产卵管。 被在岩石之中的雄鱼建造的海草巢或在裂隙中。 性别反转有时观察。 吃软件动物，水息虫，苔藓虫类，蠕虫与各种不同的甲壳动物。 (参考文献 4742)
Sex reversal sometimes observed. Seaweed nest built by male among rocks or in crevices (Ref. 4742). Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).東大西洋: 挪威到摩洛哥與亞速群島。 也已知來自地中海西部與亞得里亞海。
Quignard, J.-P. and A. Pras, 1986. Labridae. p. 919-942. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4742)
人类利用
渔业: 自给性渔业; 游钓鱼种: 是的; 水族馆: 公众的水族馆
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.8 - 17.2, mean 10.5 °C (based on 514 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00572 - 0.01326), b=3.10 (2.98 - 3.22), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.21-0.41; tm=2-3; tmax=9).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (34 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 19.5 [8.0, 34.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.208 [0.114, 0.446] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [15.8, 21.0] %; Omega3 = 0.366 [0.197, 0.695] g/100g; Selenium = 6.08 [2.79, 13.51] μg/100g; VitaminA = 78.2 [19.8, 379.4] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.715 [0.465, 1.300] mg/100g (wet weight);
