分类 / Names
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Teleostei >
Characiformes (Characins) >
Serrasalmidae (Piranhas and pacus) > Serrasalminae
Etymology: Serrasalmus: Latin, serran, serranus, saw and a fish of genus Serranus + Latin, salmo = salmon (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Kner.
Issue
Eschmeyer (1998: 994) syntype designation of BMNH 1928.1.24:10 Myletes maculatus Kner 1858 currently placed under Metynnis, is erroneous. Recent (10 Feb. 1978) and local syntype designations of NMW 57058 collected from Rio Negro, Brazil are erroneous. See Jégu & Santos (2001) for detailed morphology and distribution. See Martins-Santos, Julio-Jr. & Santos (1994) and Nakayama, Porto & Feldberg (2000) for cytogenetic study.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 大洋性. 熱帶
South America: Amazon and Paraguay-Paraná River basins (Ref. 39031). Recorded from the Uruguay River (Ref. 79585).
南美洲: 亞馬遜河與巴拉圭- 巴拉納河的流域。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 10.8 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.4 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 115169); 34.5 cm TL (female); 最大体重: 420.00 g (Ref. 115169); 最大体重: 420.00 g
背的软条 (总数) : 16; 臀鳍软条: 33 - 35; 脊椎骨: 36.
Occurs usually in small groups of up to 20 individuals which appear to have a definite range within a pond or a creek. Observed to be active mainly during the day. Larger fish extend their foraging until about 9 at night. where it stays in the shallows near the bottom, sheltered among vegetation (Ref. 9080). Larvae and juveniles hide and feed within the root tangle of water hyacinths, which also act as a dispersal agent during floods (Ref. 40399). Larvae feed on
microscopic crustaceans and small aquatic insects; very small size juveniles (about 1.2 cm)
already clip fins of other fishes (Ref. 40399). Juveniles and adults feed mostly on fins and muscle portions of fishes (Ref. 9080, 40398). Adults may scavenge on dead mammals, including humans (Ref. 40400). Attacks on humans with bite outbreaks may occur in dammed
portions of rivers during the breeding season, related to brood protection by the spawning
adults (Ref. 50802).
通常生活在多达 20个个体的小群鱼群那似乎有一个一个池塘里面的明确范围或一条小溪。 观察主要地在白天期间是活跃的。 较大的鱼延伸他们觅食直到大约 9 在晚上。 在哪里它停留在植物之中被隐匿的底部附近的浅滩中.(参考文献 9080) 仔鱼与稚鱼在布袋莲的根缠结里面隐藏而且吃, 也在洪水的时候作为一个散布媒介.(参考文献 40399) 仔鱼吃
微小的甲壳动物与小的水生昆虫; 最体型小稚鱼 (大约 1.2 公分)
已经修剪其他鱼的鳍。 (参考文献 40399) 稚鱼与成鱼大部分吃鱼的鳍与肌肉部分。 (参考文献 9080,40398) 成鱼可能在死的哺乳动物上清理, 包括人类。 (参考文献 40400) 对人类的攻击使用爆发的咬可能出现在水坝
在繁殖季节的时候河的部分, 与鱼卵的卵窝保护有关了
成鱼.(参考文献 50802)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
南美洲: 亞馬遜河與巴拉圭- 巴拉納河的流域。
Jégu, M., 2003. Serrasalminae (Pacus and piranhas). p. 182-196. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 39031)
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01622 (0.01335 - 0.01970), b=3.17 (3.13 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.71 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (25 of 100).
