分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 15 - 30 m (Ref. 48637). 熱帶; 30°N - 23°S, 105°E - 171°E
Western Pacific: Ryukyu Islands to Australia. Occurrence of this species in the Indian Ocean is doubtful.
西太平洋: 琉球群島到澳洲。 在印度洋的這種的發生是可疑的。
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 45.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9710)
背棘 (总数) : 5 - 6; 背的软条 (总数) : 34 - 37; 臀棘: 3; 臀鳍软条: 24 - 28. Juveniles are dark brown to black with a brilliant crimson margin around the entire fish (Ref. 1602). Adults dull silver with short fins (Ref. 1602). Body orbicular and strongly compressed, its depth more than twice length of head and 0.9 to 1.3 times in SL. Head length 2.9 to 3.8 times in SL. Large adults (above 35 cm SL) with protruding snout, the front head profile distinctly concave. Interorbital width 34 to 42% head length. Jaws with bands of slender, flattened, tricuspid teeth, the middle cusp about twice length of lateral cusps. Vomer with teeth, but none on palatines. Three or 4 pores on each side of lower jaw. Preopercle smooth. Opercle without spines (Ref 43039).
稚鱼深褐色整个的鱼周围黑色的有色彩艳丽的深红色的边缘。 (参考文献 1602) 成鱼暗银色的有短鳍.(参考文献 1602) 身体球形而非常扁长形的, 它的深度超过两次头长与 0.9 到 1.3 标准体长比率。 头长 2.9 到 3.8 标准体长比率。 大的成鱼 (上方 35 公分 SL) 具有凸出吻，在前面的头部轮廓明显地凹曲。 眼间骨宽度 34 到 42% 头长。 颌部有条纹细长的, 平的, 三尖齿, 中央的尖头大约两倍于侧面尖头的长度。 牦骨有齿, 但是没有在颚骨上。 三或在下颌的两边上的 4個孔。 前鰓蓋骨平滑的。 鰓蓋的沒有棘 (參考文獻 43039).
Adults are generally solitary and found under overhangs of steep outer reef slopes to a depth of at least 20 m. Juveniles are encountered in mangroves and inner sheltered reefs where they seek shelter in caves or under ledges. Feeds on algae as well as jellyfish and other gelatinous zooplankton (Ref. 6113). Sometimes adults are seen in large schools travelling over open substrate (Ref. 48637).
成鱼通常独居性而且在陡峭外礁斜坡到深度至少 20 公尺的突出部份下面发现。 稚鱼在洞穴或岩架下中的红树林与内部的掩蔽礁石在那里它们找寻庇护所被见到。 吃藻类以及水母与其他的凝胶状的浮游动物.(参考文献 6113) 有时成鱼大群鱼群被见到移动开放性的底层。 (参考文献 48637)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
西太平洋: 琉球群島到澳洲。 在印度洋的這種的發生是可疑的。
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济; 水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 29, mean 27.9 °C (based on 152 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5313 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02692 (0.01137 - 0.06373), b=2.94 (2.74 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.29 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (35 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 44.5 [22.5, 68.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.587 [0.356, 0.925] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.5, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.0998 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 30.5 [16.3, 56.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 81.4 [24.6, 257.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.896 [0.611, 1.273] mg/100g (wet weight);
