分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Mugiliformes (Mullets)
鱸形目 (Mullets) >
Mugilidae (Mullets)
鯔科 (Mullets)
Eponymy: Not an eponym, but recorded by Forsskål as a local Arabic name for this species. (Ref. 128868), visit book page.
Issue
Genetic data indicate that it is a complex of species having apparently similar distribution ranges in the Indo-Pacific (Ref. 114224).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 礁區魚類; 降海洄游 (Ref. 46888); 深度上下限 0 - 3 m (Ref. 86942). 熱帶; 35°N - 32°S, 28°E - 135°W
Indo-Pacific: Red Sea, south to Transkei, South Africa (Ref. 4393) and east to the Hawaiian and Marquesan islands, north to southern Japan, south to New Caledonia and Norfolk Island (Ref. 8879) and Tuamotu Islands (Ref. 90102).
印度-太平洋: 紅海南至南非的川斯凱 (參考文獻 4393) 與東的夏威夷與馬貴斯群島, 北至日本南部, 南至新加勒多尼亞與諾福克島.(參考文獻 8879)
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9710); common length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5450); 最大體重: 8.0 kg (Ref. 37816)
背棘 (總數) : 5; 背的軟條 (總數) : 8 - 9; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 9. Diagnosis: Characterized by having membranous, digitate posterior margin on scales; snout shorter than eye diameter; slender maxilla and weakly curved ventrally at posterior tip, partially or completely concealed; poorly developed adipose eyelid as rim around eye; preorbital weakly concave on anteroventral edge (Ref. 90102).
背面的藍色褐色或綠色; 側面與腹部銀色的; 在鱗片的上面列上的暗色的斑點, 給不明顯的縱向斑紋.(參考文獻 9812) 背部的與用深藍色頂端的尾鰭上葉。 臀鰭、腹鰭、與胸鰭黃色。 胸鰭也有深藍色斑點在起點背面.(參考文獻 9812) 胸鰭葉腋鱗片非常長的。
Found in coastal waters but enters estuaries and rivers where they feed on microalgae, filamentous algae, forams, diatoms, and detritus associated with sand and mud (Ref. 9812). Form schools. Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Also caught using stakenets, barrier nets, and pouch nets during spawning; also taken as bycatch (Ref. 9812). Marketed fresh and perhaps salted, boiled (Thailand), canned or frozen (Australia); roe salted (Ref. 9812).
棲息於沿岸水域但是進入河口與河在那裡它們吃微藻類，菌絲藻，有孔動物，矽藻, 與碎屑伴隨著沙子與泥..(參考文獻 9812) 形成魚群。 卵生的, 卵是大洋性與非黏性物.(參考文獻 205) 在產卵的時候也使用標樁網，柵網與袋網捕捉; 也被誤捕。 (參考文獻 9812) 在市場上銷售生鮮地.與也許鹽醃的, 煮沸 (泰國), 罐裝的或冷凍 (澳洲); 魚白鹽醃的.(參考文獻 9812)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
印度-太平洋: 紅海南至南非的川斯凱 (參考文獻 4393) 與東的夏威夷與馬貴斯群島, 北至日本南部, 南至新加勒多尼亞與諾福克島.(參考文獻 8879)
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 June 2020
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.2 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 3155 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01202 (0.01052 - 0.01374), b=2.96 (2.93 - 2.99), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.3 ±0.14 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 4.8 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.23-0.28).
Prior r = 0.35, 95% CL = 0.23 - 0.53, Based on 2 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (40 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (82 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 53.4 [20.9, 168.7] mg/100g; Iron = 0.614 [0.274, 1.463] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.2, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.145 [0.069, 0.311] g/100g; Selenium = 21.9 [11.0, 49.6] μg/100g; VitaminA = 53.2 [11.9, 234.3] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.74 [1.10, 2.70] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
