Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Οικολογία
Θαλασσινό(ά) Υφαλόφιλο(α); εύρος βάθους 0 - 40 m (Ref. 128797). Tropical; 30°N - 30°S, 79°E - 130°W
Indo-Pacific: Sri Lanka (Ref. 10361) and Cocos-Keeling Islands to the Hawaiian, Marquesan and Tuamoto islands, north to southern Japan, south to Rowley Shoals and New South Wales, Australia.
Μέγεθος / Βάρος / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL αρσενικό/απροσδιόριστο; (Ref. 559)
Ραχιαίες άκανθες (συνολικά) : 12 - 14; Μαλακές ραχιαίες ακτίνες (συνολικά) : 21 - 25; Εδρικές άκανθες: 3; Μαλακές εδρικές ακτίνες: 20 - 23.
Occur in lagoons and seaward reefs to a depth of 30 m, prefer coral-rich and clear water areas (Ref. 205). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Encountered singly, in pairs or small groups (adults often in pairs; juveniles solitary and inshore). Feed on filamentous algae, small invertebrates, coral polyps, and fish eggs. Oviparous (Ref. 205). Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Αναπαραγωγή | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Προνύμφες
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Monogamous mating is observed as both obligate and social (Ref. 52884).
Myers, R.F., 1991. Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Human uses
αλιεία: περιορισμένης εμπορικότητας; Ενυδρείο: Εμπορικό(ά)
Εργαλεία
Special reports
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Διαδικτυακές πηγές
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 2323 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02239 (0.01388 - 0.03612), b=3.02 (2.88 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Τροφικό Επίπεδο (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
Ελαστικότητα (Ref.
120179): Υψηλό, ελάχιστος χρόνος για διπλασιασμό πληθυσμού < 15 μήνες (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 66.5 [35.2, 103.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.669 [0.411, 1.043] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [17.5, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.104 [0.067, 0.158] g/100g; Selenium = 32.7 [19.3, 58.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 43 [13, 139] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.21 [0.84, 1.72] mg/100g (wet weight);
