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> Elopiformes (Tarpons and tenpounders) > Elopidae (Tenpounders)
Etymology: Elops: Greek, ellops = a kind of serpent (Ref. 45335).

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien; brak water; oceanodroom. Tropical; 38°N - 37°S, 22°E - 153°W

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Indo-Pacific: Mossel Bay in South Africa, to the Red Sea and India, possibly to western Pacific (Ref. 3968).

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 118 cm FL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 40637); common length : 50.0 cm SL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 4967); max. gepubliceerd gewicht: 10.8 kg (Ref. 40637)

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Dorsale stekels (totaal) : 0; Dorsale zachte stralen (totaal) : 20 - 27; Anale stekels: 0; Anale zachte stralen: 14 - 18.

Occurs in coastal waters, but enters lagoons and estuaries (Ref. 4832) [actual freshwater records remain to be confirmed]. Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Young and adults feed on small fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 5213). Probably spawn at sea, but the transparent larvae migrate to inshore areas and are often found in brackish water (Ref. 7050). Are voracious carnivores that take fish, squid and shrimp bait (Ref. 3968). Edible, but not tasty and full of bones (Ref. 3968). A total length of 126 cm for this species has been reported from Knysna, South Africa (G. Bernardt, pers. comm., e-mail: gerard@smallstreams.com) .

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Smith, M.M., 1986. Elopidae. p. 155-156. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3968)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Niet bedreigd (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 June 2016

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Harmless

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: commercieel; sportvis: ja

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 20.7 - 28.4, mean 26.9 °C (based on 1366 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5176 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00676 (0.00514 - 0.00889), b=2.99 (2.91 - 3.07), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 4.0 ±0.3 se; based on diet studies.

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): Unknown.

Elops machnata (Fabricius, 1775)