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Elasmobranchii (haaien en roggen) (sharks and rays) > Carcharhiniformes (Ground sharks) > Sphyrnidae (Hammerhead, bonnethead, or scoophead sharks)
Etymology: Sphyrna: Probable misspelling of sphyra (Gr.), hammer, referring to their hammer-shaped heads. (See ETYFish); tudes: Latin for hammer, referring to its hammer-shaped head. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Valenciennes.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ecologie

marien benthopelagisch, usually ? - 12 m (Ref. 244). Subtropical; 46°N - 57°S, 73°W - 37°E (Ref. 244)

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Southwest Atlantic: Venezuela to Argentina (Ref. 58839). Also Mediterranean Sea and Eastern Pacific (Ref. 7251).

Grootte / Gewicht / Leeftijd

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 134 cm TL mannelijk / geslacht onbekend; (Ref. 244); 148.0 cm TL (female)

A little-known inshore shark of the continental shelf, found down to at least 12 m depth. Feeds on small bony fishes, including sea catfish and grunts, but also newborn scalloped hammerheads, swimming crabs, squids, and shrimp. Viviparous with a yolk-sac placenta; number of young probably 6 to 9 per litter (Ref. 244).

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Viviparous, with yolk-sac plazenta; number of young probably 6 - 9 per litter. Size at birth about 30 cm.

Hoofdreferentie Upload your references | Referenties | Coördinator : Compagno, Leonard J.V. | Medewerkers

Compagno, L.J.V., 1984. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 2 - Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/2):251-655. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 244)

Status op de Rode Lijst van het IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Ernstig bedreigd (CR) (A2bd); Date assessed: 01 July 2019

CITES

Appendix II: International trade monitored

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Gevaar voor de mens

Harmless

Gebruik door de mens

Visserij: visserij voor eigen gebruik

FAO - Publication: search | FIRMS - Stock assessments | FishSource |

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 17.6 - 27.8, mean 21.1 °C (based on 613 cells).

Fylogenetische diversiteitsindex (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5029 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00347 (0.00157 - 0.00767), b=3.12 (2.93 - 3.31), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisch niveau (Ref. 69278): 3.6 ±0.4 se; based on diet studies.

Weerstandsvermogen (Ref. 120179): Zeer laag, minimale populatieverdubbelingstijd meer dan 14 jaar (Fec=6).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Very high vulnerability (89 of 100).

Prijsklasse (Ref. 80766): High.

Sphyrna tudes (Valenciennes, 1822)