Elasmobranchii (tubarões e raias) (sharks and rays) >
Myliobatiformes (Stingrays) >
Dasyatidae (Stingrays) > Urogymninae
Etymology: Urogymnus: Greek, oura = tail + Greek, gymnos = naked (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Taxonomic Remarks
Urogymnus africanus and Urogymnus asperrimus are considered synonyms and both are originally described in the same work. There is uncertainty about which name has priority, and thus both names can be found as valid; the first reviser is not researched (Eschmeyer, 2014).
Ambiente: milieu / zona climática / intervalo de profundidade / gama de distribuição
Ecologia
marinhas; estuarina associadas(os) a recifes; intervalo de profundidade 15 - 217 m (Ref. 86942). Tropical; 31°N - 31°S, 20°W - 177°W
Eastern Central Atlantic: Senegal, Guinea, and Côte d'Ivoire (Ref. 4438). Indo-Pacific: Red Sea and coast of East Africa to the Marshall Islands and Fiji, south to northern Australia (Ref. 2334).
Comprimento na primeira maturidade / Tamanho / Peso / Idade
Maturidade: Lm ?, range 100 - ? cm
Max length : 147 cm WD macho/indeterminado; (Ref. 58048)
Diagnosis: A heavily armored stingray lacking a venomous barb; young with large, flat denticles on upper surface, and large juveniles and adults with additional sharp conical thorns and small, pointed denticles (Ref. 5578).
Body shape (shape guide): other.
Inhabits the continental shelf area (Ref. 2334), but capable of entering coastal lagoons (Ref. 81259). Found on sand and coral rubble areas near reefs (Ref. 9840), often in caves. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Due to its difficult handling, it is probably of limited commercial value (Ref. 9840). Its thorn can inflict a painful injury; caught commonly by demersal tangle net fisheries; utilized for its meat, skin (very high value) and cartilage (Ref.58048).
Ciclo de vida e comportamento de acasalamento
Maturidade | Reprodução | Desova | Ovos | Fecundidade | Larvas
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).
Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene, 1990. Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
Categoria na Lista Vermelha da IUCN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))
Ameaça para o homem
Traumatogenic (Ref. 2334)
Utilização humana
Pescarias: espécies comerciais
Ferramentas
Relatórios especiais
Descarregue XML
Fontes da internet
Estimativas baseadas em modelos
Temperatura preferida (Ref.
123201): 25.4 - 29.3, mean 28.5 °C (based on 2874 cells).
Índice de diversidade filogenética (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5156 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00482 - 0.02174), b=3.06 (2.86 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Nível Trófico (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.46 se; based on food items.
Resiliência (Ref.
120179): Baixo, tempo mínimo de duplicação da população 4,5 - 14 anos (Assuming fecundity<100).
Vulnerabilidade da pesca (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
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Nutrientes (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 5.12 [0.57, 77.92] mg/100g; Iron = 0.354 [0.028, 3.818] mg/100g; Protein = 21.4 [18.7, 24.1] %; Omega3 = 0.0888 [, ] g/100g; Selenium = 41.6 [7.4, 202.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 20.7 [1.8, 237.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.791 [0.052, 9.041] mg/100g (wet weight);