Lớp phụ Cá sụn (cá mập và cá đuối) (sharks and rays) >
Torpediniformes (Electric rays) >
Torpedinidae (Electric rays)
Etymology: Torpedo: Latin, torpere = be sluggish (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Sinh thái học
Biển gần đáy; Mức độ sâu ? - 229 m (Ref. 58018). Subtropical; 26°N - 17°N, 83°W - 76°W (Ref. 114953)
Western Central Atlantic: along the western edge of the Great Bahama Bank, Florida Straits and off Nicaragua.
Bộ gần gũi / Khối lượng (Trọng lượng) / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 22.0 cm TL con đực/không giới tính; (Ref. 114953)
Found inshore to 10 m depth in coral-reef habitats (Ref. 114953). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Smallest specimens at ca. 15 cm TL (Ref. 114953).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Sự tái sinh sản | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Ấu trùng
Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449).
Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.), 1998. Catalog of fishes. Special Publication, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 3 vols. 2905 p. (Ref. 26282)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01479 (0.00659 - 0.03318), b=2.97 (2.78 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Mức dinh dưỡng (Ref.
69278): 4.0 ±0.7 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Thích nghi nhanh (Ref.
120179): thấp, thời gian nhân đôi của chủng quần tối thiểu là 4.5 - 14 năm (Live nearer with low fecundity (RF)).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (12 of 100).