Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক; স্বাদু পানি; ঈষৎ লোনা ; গভীরতার পরিসীমা 1 - 55 m, usually 5 - 30 m (Ref. 9298). Tropical; 14°N - 26°S, 87°W - 32°W (Ref. 189)
Western Atlantic: Panama to Trinidad and south to at least Santos, Brazil, perhaps further. Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica to the northern border of Peru at 3°34'S, perhaps further. Also found in freshwater.
আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 24.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 5217); common length : 20.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 5217); সবের্াচ্চ প্রকাশিত ওজন : 66.30 g (Ref. 118626)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 0; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 0; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 31 - 37. Snout about 3/4 eye diameter; maxilla long, tip pointed, reaching to or a little beyond edge of gill cover; anterior gill rakers mere stumps; hind border of gill cover with a small triangular projection; panamensis-type gill cover canals. Pectoral fin long; anal fin origin below midpoint of dorsal fin base. A silver stripe along flank in small individuals, disappearing with age (Ref. 189).
A coastal species that apparently forms large schools. Enters brackish and fresh waters. Feeds on small fishes (including clupeoids) and prawns (Ref. 12225). Seems to spawn over an extended period in Costa Rica (small fishes caught in February, September and October). Marketed fresh (Ref. 9298).
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | প্রজনন | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | শুককীট
Probably an extended spawning season in Costa Rica (small fishes caught in February, September and October (Ref. 189). Spawn in school (Ref. 205).
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
মৎস্য: গৌণ বাণিজ্যিক
হাতিয়ার
Special reports
Download XML
ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.2 - 28.2, mean 27.4 °C (based on 122 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00457 (0.00296 - 0.00706), b=3.17 (3.05 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.71 se; based on food items.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): উচ্চ, সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১৫ মাস (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (14 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 188 [109, 440] mg/100g; Iron = 1.38 [0.74, 2.46] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [15.4, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.338 [0.163, 0.725] g/100g; Selenium = 40.5 [18.0, 103.2] μg/100g; VitaminA = 19.3 [5.6, 54.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.51 [1.04, 2.18] mg/100g (wet weight);
