Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
laut batipelagis; kisaran kedalaman 37 - 1500 m (Ref. 50610). Deep-water
Western Pacific: Japan. Eastern Pacific: British Columbia, Canada (52°N) to Baja California (27°N), and from Peru (16°S) to Chile (39°S). Also from the southeast Pacific (Ref. 2850).
Size / Weight / umur
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm TL jantan/; (Ref. 2850)
deskripsi pendek
Kunci identifiaksi (pengenalan) | Morfologi | Morfometrik
Duri punggung (Keseluruhan (total)) : 0; duri punggung lunak (Keseluruhan (total)) : 16 - 18; Duri dubur: 0; Sirip dubur lunak: 14 - 16; vertebrata, bertulang belakang: 50 - 52. Branchiostegal rays: 8.
Mesopelagic at 300-900 m (Ref. 58302). Young migrate in association with Cyclothone signata to within 200 m of the surface at night and feed extensively on small crustaceans (Ref. 4525). Oviparous, with large mesopelagic larvae (Ref. 35760).
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
Status IUCN Red List (Ref. 130435)
ancaman kepada manusia
Harmless
penggunaan manusia
Alat, peralatan
laporan khas
muat turun XML
Sumber internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.5 - 7.9, mean 3.5 °C (based on 290 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00407 (0.00154 - 0.01080), b=3.17 (2.95 - 3.39), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
Daya lenting (Ref.
120179): sedang, Waktu penggandaan populasi minimum 1.4 - 4.4 tahun (Assuming tmax>3).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (19 of 100).