分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Issue
Genetic data indicate that Chelon dumerilii is a complex of two species, one from Northwest and West central African coasts (= C. dumerilii), one in southeastern African coasts (Refs. 114224, 123262).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 淡水; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 降海洄游 (Ref. 51243). 熱帶; 20°C - 25°C (Ref. 13614); 21°N - 36°S, 20°W - 38°E
Eastern Atlantic: Mauritania to South Africa (Ref. 3573, 57400). Western Indian Ocean: Delagoa Bay, Mozambique to Mossel Bay, South Africa (Ref. 81659).
東大西洋: 茅利塔尼亞到南非。 西印度洋: 莫三比克的 Delagoa 灣到南非的 Mossel 海灣。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 17.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 40.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4393); common length : 18.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 7399)
背棘 (總數) : 5; 背的軟條 (總數) : 8 - 9; 臀棘: 3; 臀鰭軟條: 8 - 9. Diagnosis: 8-9 anal soft rays; anal fin and lower lobe of caudal fin whitish or greyish (Ref. 57400). Body with ctenoid scales except for anterior predorsal scales which are cycloid and extend to anterior nostril or slightly beyond (Ref. 81659). Scales numerous (Ref. 57400), not large, 33-41 in a longitudinal series (excluding scales on caudal fin base), 11-14 scale rows between pelvic and first dorsal fin (Ref. 81659). 5-8 mucous canals on scales in front of 1st dorsal fin (only 1, less often 2 or 3, in other Liza species (Ref. 57400). Posterior end of maxilla sigmoid, curved down over premaxilla; serrate, anteroventral edge of lachrymal distinctly concave; pharyngobranchial organ with 1-2 valves, anteroventral valve a moderate size, semi-lunate flap, posterior valve usually vestigial, as a small nodule or, at most, a low papillate fold, and may be absent (Ref. 81659).
Inhabit shallow coastal waters (Ref. 27121), including estuaries (Ref. 2683, 57400, 81659), lagoons (Ref. 57400), tidal rivers (Ref. 3573), freshwater and supersaline environments (Ref. 81659). Feed on plankton and detritus (Ref. 28587). Oviparous, eggs are pelagic and non-adhesive (Ref. 205). Shows a remarkable adaptation to hyperhaline environments (up to 97‰ in the Sine Saloum in Senegal)(Ref. 57400). Specimens from tropical East Atlantic reaching maximum of 280 mm SL and common to 180 mm SL (Ref. 81659).
棲息於沿岸淺水區 (參考文獻 27121), 包括河口 (參考文獻 2683) 與有潮汐漲落的河川。 (參考文獻 3573) 捕食浮游生物與碎屑。 (參考文獻 28587) 卵生的, 卵是大洋性與非黏性物.(參考文獻 205)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
東大西洋: 茅利塔尼亞到南非。 西印度洋: 莫三比克的 Delagoa 灣到南非的 Mossel 海灣。
Thomson, J.M., 1990. Mugilidae. p. 855-859. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 7399)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
工具
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 19.6 - 27.9, mean 26.1 °C (based on 96 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5005 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01318 (0.00852 - 0.02040), b=2.99 (2.87 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.7 ±0.32 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (26 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 98.3 [27.6, 541.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.84 [0.43, 1.47] mg/100g; Protein = 17.8 [16.4, 19.3] %; Omega3 = 0.487 [0.210, 1.143] g/100g; Selenium = 17 [7, 41] μg/100g; VitaminA = 14 [4, 41] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.934 [0.591, 1.443] mg/100g (wet weight);
