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> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sparidae (Porgies)
Etymology: Spicara: Latin, spicare = furnished with spike (Ref. 45335).

Issue
Placement in Sparidae from Centracanthidae from Santini et al. (2014:Ref. 95347). Suggestion already made in Garrido-Ramos et al. 1995; Hanel & Sturmbauer 2000; Summerer et al. 2001; Orrell et al. 2002; Orrell & Carpenter 2004; Chiba et al. 2009; Hanel & Tsigenopoulos 2011.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina; djupintervall 100 - 300 m (Ref. 2683), usually 150 - 200 m (Ref. 7349). Tropical

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Eastern Central Atlantic: Dakar, Senegal to southern Angola. Reported from Mauritania (Ref. 55783).

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: L_m ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2683); common length : 20.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 2683); publicerad maxvikt: 125.00 g (Ref. 4883)

Neritic (Ref. 7349).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator | Medarbetare

Schneider, W., 1990. FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Prepared and published with the support of the FAO Regional Office for Africa. Rome: FAO. 268 p. (Ref. 2683)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 03 December 2009

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

Harmless

Human uses

Fiskeri: kommersiell

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 12.8 - 15.4, mean 14.2 °C (based on 10 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5039 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01259 (0.00609 - 0.02604), b=3.04 (2.87 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref. 93245).

Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives

Resiliens (Ref. 120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).

Price category (Ref. 80766): Medium.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 147 [70, 265] mg/100g; Iron = 0.564 [0.181, 3.027] mg/100g; Protein = 19.1 [17.0, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 0.464 [0.207, 1.075] g/100g; Selenium = 47.8 [23.2, 97.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28.4 [9.1, 84.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.615 [0.221, 2.291] mg/100g (wet weight);

Spicara altum (Osório, 1917)