分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Otolithes: Greek, ous, oto = ear + Greek, lithos = stone (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Bloch & Schneider.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 非产卵性溯降河的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 10 - 50 m (Ref. 9772). 熱帶; 26°C - 29°C (Ref. 4959); 34°N - 35°S, 20°E - 154°E
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, including Madagascar (absent in the Red Sea), eastward to southern China Sea and Queensland, Australia.
印度-西太平洋: 東非 , 包括馬達加斯加 (不存在於紅海), 向東至南中國海與澳洲的昆士蘭省。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 19.7, range 28 - ? cm
Max length : 90.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5284); common length : 40.0 cm SL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 9772); 最大体重: 7.0 kg (Ref. 9987); 最大年龄: 5 年 (Ref. 3625)
背棘 (总数) : 10 - 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 27 - 30; 臀棘: 2; 臀鳍软条: 7 - 8.
Found in coastal waters (Ref. 30573). Adults feed on fishes, prawns and other invertebrates (Ref. 5213, 9772). Generally marketed fresh, may be dried or salted (Ref. 5284). Maximum depth reported taken from Ref. 9773.
发现于沿岸水域了。 (参考文献 30573) 吃鱼，虾与其他的无脊椎动物。 (参考文献 5213,9772) 通常在市场上销售生鲜地了, 可能是乾燥或盐腌.(参考文献 5284)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
印度-西太平洋: 東非 , 包括馬達加斯加 (不存在於紅海), 向東至南中國海與澳洲的昆士蘭省。
Chan, W., U. Bathia and D. Carlsson, 1974. Sciaenidae. In W. Fischer and P.J.P. Whitehead (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Eastern Indian Ocean (Fishing Area 57) and Western Central Pacific (Fishing Area 71). Volume 3. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 2113)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
工具
特别资料
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网络资源
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25 - 29.1, mean 28.3 °C (based on 798 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00761 - 0.00909), b=3.07 (3.05 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.6 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.14-0.41; tm=1; tmax=5; Fec= 53,676).
Prior r = 0.44, 95% CL = 0.29 - 0.66, Based on 1 full stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (39 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Very high vulnerability (84 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 71.5 [41.8, 125.5] mg/100g; Iron = 0.766 [0.376, 1.336] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [17.7, 20.0] %; Omega3 = 0.198 [0.098, 0.350] g/100g; Selenium = 66 [36, 127] μg/100g; VitaminA = 15.8 [6.2, 43.0] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.13 [0.81, 1.64] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
