分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
; 淡水 底中水層性; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243). 亞熱帶的; 25°S - 30°S
Africa: Natal, widespread from the Mkuze southwards to the Umtamvuna on Transkei border. Translocated to the Save in Zimbabwe.
非洲: 納塔爾, 廣泛分佈從 Mkuze 在川斯凱邊緣上向南至烏姆塔謬那。 棲地移至辛巴威的賽姆了。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 63.8 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 52193); 最大體重: 4.6 kg (Ref. 52193)
Occurs in shoals and migrates upstream during spring and summer. Prefers warmer areas of rivers and often congregate at the inlets of small tributaries where the temperature is warmer than that of the main river. Feeds on algae, insect larvae and crabs. Spawns in fast-flowing stretches of rivers that are algae-free (Ref. 6465). Breeds in summer, migrates upstream and spawns over gravel beds. Males mature at about 10 cm FL, females at 15 cm FL (Ref. 7248, 52193).
出現於淺灘而且溯河迴游在春天與夏天期間。 偏愛河的較熱的區域而且時常在溫度是超過主要河的小支流的小水灣聚集。 吃藻類，昆蟲幼生與螃蟹。 產卵在河的快速流動支流那是無藻類.(參考文獻 6465) 繁殖於夏天, 溯河迴游而且產卵礫石床之上。 雄性在大約 10 公分 FL 時成熟, 雌性在 15 公分 FL.(參考文獻 7248)
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔魚
非洲: 納塔爾, 廣泛分佈從 Mkuze 在川斯凱邊緣上向南至烏姆塔謬那。 棲地移至辛巴威的賽姆了。
Lévêque, C. and J. Daget, 1984. Cyprinidae. p. 217-342. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 2801)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 18 September 2016
人類使用
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00933 (0.00422 - 0.02065), b=3.01 (2.82 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.0 ±0.42 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (46 of 100).
