Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
; ນ້ຳຈືດ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ; pH range: ? - 8.2. Tropical; 26°C - 31°C (Ref. 40602)
South America: Atrato, Cauca and Magdalena River basins and Lake Maracaibo basin in Colombia. Introduced in the Orinoco River drainage in Venezuela.
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 26.0 cm SL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 36377)
ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ) : 10 - 15; ຄີ(ໜາມ) ແຂງຢູ່ຄີກົ້ນປາ
ກຸ່ມປາກະດູກແຂງ
ຄວາມຖີ່ຂອງກຸ່ມຖ່າຍທອດພັນ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລໄປຫານ້ຳຈືດ ແລະນ້ຳຈືດຫາທະເລ
ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍຈາກທະເລແລະໄປໄຂ່ຢູ່ນ້ຳຈືດ
ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ
ສັດທີ່ມີກະດູກສັນຫັຼງ
ການຖ່າຍທອດທາງກຳມະພັນຈາກພໍ່ແມ່ຫາລູກ: 5 - 6; ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ: 8 - 10. Body with dorsoventral bands; a black spot on the posterior region of the caudal peduncle, and another on the middle of the body, just below the lateral line (Ref. 26543).
Found in rivers, but prefers marshes or swamps abundant in aquatic plants (Ref. 26543). Feeds on other fishes and benthic invertebrates (Ref. 26543). Not common in the aquarium trade but occasionally imported (Ref. 12251).
Kullander, S.O., 2003. Cichlidae (Cichlids). p. 605-654. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36377)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ການປະມົງ: ທີ່ເປັນການຄ້າໜ້ອຍ; ຕູ້ປາ: ເປັນສີນຄ້າ
ເຄື່ອງມື
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.6250 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.03020 (0.01930 - 0.04725), b=3.01 (2.88 - 3.14), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.85 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 2.6 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ຂະໜາດກາງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງເທົ່າ 1.4 - 4.4 ປີ (Fec=3,439-10,986).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (22 of 100).