分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Siluriformes (Catfishes) >
Pimelodidae (Long-whiskered catfishes)
Etymology: Hypophthalmus: Greek, hypo = under + Greek, ophthalmos = eye (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Spix & Agassiz.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
; 淡水 大洋性; 河川洄游 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 ? - 37 m (Ref. 5217). 熱帶
South America: Amazon and Orinoco River basins and Atlantic coastal rivers of Guyana and Suriname (Ref. 36506). Reported from Paraná River (Ref. 56308).
南美洲: 蓋亞那的亞馬遜河與奧里諾科河河流域與大西洋沿海的河川與蘇利南.(參考文獻 36506) 記錄來自千里達托貝哥島了。 (參考文獻 36506)
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm 25.6 range ? - 30 cm
Max length : 57.5 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); common length : 45.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大体重: 1.3 kg (Ref. 5217)
Pelagic species which lives in schools near the surface of the water (Ref. 35381). Found over soft muddy bottoms. Has no teeth in its jaws but possesses many long gill rakers that are used as a sieve for feeding on planktonic crustaceans like cladocerans, copepods and ostracods (Ref. 35381, 6868). Also feeds on debris, other plankton (Ref. 35381). Appears to follow the plankton's vertical movements during the day. Ovaries start to develop I November when the water level rises. Fractional spawning occurs between February and April. The female lays down 50,000 to 100,000 eggs according to its weight. Juveniles inhabit the lower part of streams in estuaries, adult are found more upstream (Ref. 35381). Marketed fresh and salted.
接近水表面生活在鱼群中的大洋性鱼种.(参考文献 35381) 发现在软泥底部上了。 没有在它的颚中的齿但是持有因为吃浮游性像水蚤，桡脚类的动物与介形虫的甲壳动物，许多长的鳃耙那是用作一个筛子.(参考文献 35381,6868) 也吃残砾，其他的浮游生物。 (参考文献 35381) 似乎跟随浮游生物的垂直运动在白天期间。 卵巢开始发育 I 水位上升的十一月。 少量产卵在二月与四月之间出现。 母鱼产下 50,000 到 100,000个卵根据它的重量。 在河口稚鱼栖息于溪流的下面部份, 成鱼被发现更上游。 (参考文献 35381) 在市场上销售生鲜地了与盐腌的。
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
南美洲: 蓋亞那的亞馬遜河與奧里諾科河河流域與大西洋沿海的河川與蘇利南.(參考文獻 36506) 記錄來自千里達托貝哥島了。 (參考文獻 36506)
Cervigón, F., R. Cipriani, W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, M. Hendrickx, A.J. Lemus, R. Márquez, J.M. Poutiers, G. Robaina and B. Rodriguez, 1992. Fichas FAO de identificación de especies para los fines de la pesca. Guía de campo de las especies comerciales marinas y de aquas salobres de la costa septentrional de Sur América. FAO, Rome. 513 p. Preparado con el financiamento de la Comisión de Comunidades Europeas y de NORAD. (Ref. 5217)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
渔业: 低经济
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00617 (0.00523 - 0.00727), b=3.11 (3.06 - 3.16), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 2.9 ±0.30 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.12-0.27).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (37 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 92 [44, 205] mg/100g; Iron = 1.76 [0.85, 3.58] mg/100g; Protein = 16.7 [15.3, 18.2] %; Omega3 = 0.283 [0.110, 0.710] g/100g; Selenium = 68.4 [26.6, 175.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 46.7 [15.5, 145.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.66 [1.11, 2.49] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
