分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Saccopharyngiformes (Swallowers and gulpers)
囊鰓鰻目 (Swallowers and gulpers) >
Eurypharyngidae (Gulpers)
寬咽魚科 (Gulpers)
Etymology: Eurypharynx: Greek, eurys = long + Greek, pharyngx = pharynx (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Vaillant.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 深海区的; 深度上下限 500 - 7625 m (Ref. 58426), usually 1200 - 1400 m (Ref. 559). 深水域; 67°N - 56°N, 180°W - 180°E
Circumglobal: In tropical to temperate waters. Eastern Pacific: ranges from northern California to Peru (Ref. 35600).
所有的溫帶與熱帶的海洋。 東太平洋: 範圍從北加州到祕魯.(參考文獻 35600)
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 100.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 27000); common length : 55.0 cm NG 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5755)
背棘 (总数) : 0; 臀棘: 0. Mouth greatly enlarged by a backward extension of jaws, gape comprising half or more of preanal length; buccal cavity greatly distensible. Tail attenuated and ending in an expanded, luminous caudal organ. Caudal fin absent; scales absent; lateral line without pores, instead with groups of elevated tubules.
嘴藉着颚的向后延长明显增大, 口裂组成肛门前部分的长度的一半或更多; 喷水孔非常扩大。 尾部变细了而且末端形成一扩大, 发光的尾部器官。 尾鳍不存在; 鳞片不存在; 没有孔的侧线, 改为和群体的升高细管。
Meso- to abyssopelagic (Ref. 58302) and bathypelagic (Ref. 58426). Adults feed mainly on crustaceans, but also take fishes, cephalopods, and other invertebrates (Ref. 2850, 11041). Oviparous, planktonic eggs hatch into planktonic leptocephalus larvae (Ref. 6719, 35600). Degenerative changes in males and females suggest semelparity (Ref. 35600).
主要捕食甲壳动物, 但也吃鱼，头足类动物与其他的无脊椎动物.(参考文献 2850,11041) 卵生的, 浮游性卵孵化成浮游性狭首型幼鱼仔鱼.(参考文献 6719,35600) 在雄性与雌性方面的退化改变意味着单次生殖。 (参考文献 35600)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Oviparous (Ref. 35600). Degenerative changes in males and females suggest semelparity (Ref. 35600). Egg cells within each of the gonads have the same developmental stage (monocyclic ovaries) suggesting only one spawning during its lifetime or periodic spawning (Ref. 36055).所有的溫帶與熱帶的海洋。 東太平洋: 範圍從北加州到祕魯.(參考文獻 35600)
Nielsen, J.G. and E. Bertelsen, 1990. Eurypharyngidae. p. 206. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 1. (Ref. 4457)
世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人类利用
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 2.3 - 5.5, mean 3.6 °C (based on 890 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00102 (0.00046 - 0.00225), b=3.06 (2.88 - 3.24), in cm total length, based on all LWR estimates for this body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.1 ±0.57 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增时间超过14 年 (Assuming semelparity with tm>10).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 15.6 [4.0, 64.6] mg/100g; Iron = 0.408 [0.125, 1.243] mg/100g; Protein = 2.94 [0.00, 6.86] %; Omega3 = 0.192 [0.063, 0.599] g/100g; Selenium = 18.7 [6.0, 72.0] μg/100g; VitaminA = 28.8 [3.8, 214.8] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.453 [0.206, 1.092] mg/100g (wet weight);
