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Atherina presbyter Cuvier, 1829

Sand smelt
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Atherina presbyter   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Atherina presbyter (Sand smelt)
Atherina presbyter
Picture by Østergaard, T.

Classification / Names Populärnamn | synonymer | Catalog of Fishes(Släkte, Arter) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa

> Atheriniformes (Silversides) > Atherinidae (Silversides) > Atherininae
Etymology: Atherina: Greek, atherina, the Greek name for the eperlane; 1770 (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ekologi

marina; brackvatten; havsvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 1 - 10 m (Ref. 55871). Subtropical; 60°N - 14°N, 26°W - 17°E

Utbredning Länder | FAO områden | Ekosystem | Förekomster | Point map | Utplanteringar | Faunafri

Eastern Atlantic: Kattegat (rare) and British Isles to Canary Islands, Mauritania and Cape Verde, also western Mediterranean.

Size / Vikt / Age

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 30578); rapporterad maxålder: 4 år (Ref. 232)

Short description Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri

Taggstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 7 - 9; Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 11 - 14; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 1; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 14 - 17. Scales in longitudinal series 52-57. Vertebrae 46-52 (Morocco), 49-52 (the Netherlands). No pyloric appendages. A large, characteristic, brilliant silvery stripe running along flanks from head to tail, often outlined in black. No true lateral line (Ref. 232). Eye diameter same with snout length (Ref. 35388).

Biologi     Ordlista (t.ex. epibenthic)

Small pelagic fishes in coastal areas and estuaries. Schooling, seasonal migrations in the Atlantic. Feeds on carnivorous small crustaceans and fish larvae (Ref. 5980). Reproduces in spring and summer (Ref. 30578).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduktion | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larver

Spawning occurs in midsummer in English Channel and North Sea.

Main reference Upload your references | referenser | Koordinator : Dyer, Brian S. | Medarbetare

Maugé, L.A., 1990. Atherinidae. p. 604-605. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 4499)

IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 20 May 2014

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Threat to humans

  Harmless





Human uses

Fiskeri: husbehovsfiske; sportfisk: ja
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Ytterligare information

Trophic ecology
Födoslag
Diet compositions
Food consumptions
Food rations
Predatorer
Ecology
Ekologi
Population dynamics
Growths
Max. ages / sizes
Length-weight rel.
Length-length rel.
Length-frequencies
Mass conversions
Recruitments
Abundances
Life cycle
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Maturities
Fecundities
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Larvdynamik
Distribution
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Anatomy
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Toxicities (LC50s)
Genetics
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Taxonomy
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References
referenser

Verktyg

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Summary page | Point data | Populärnamn | Photos

Internet-källor

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | BOLDSystems | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Släkte, Arter | DiscoverLife | DORIS | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GenBank: genome, nucleotide | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | MitoFish | Nationella databaser | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | Offentliga akvarier | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | Tree of Life | Wikipedia: Go, sök | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Zoobank | Zoological Record

Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 9.2 - 20.3, mean 11.5 °C (based on 348 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5312   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00318 - 0.00866), b=3.12 (2.98 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref. 69278):  3.7   ±0.43 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref. 120179):  Hög, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid mindre än 15 månader (K=0.70; tmax=4).
Prior r = 1.00, 95% CL = 0.66 - 1.50, Based on 1 data-limited stock assessment.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649):  Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).
Price category (Ref. 80766):   Medium.
Nutrients (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 171 [101, 345] mg/100g; Iron = 1.8 [1.1, 2.9] mg/100g; Protein = 21 [19, 23] %; Omega3 = 0.412 [0.191, 0.888] g/100g; Selenium = 12.8 [5.9, 27.4] μg/100g; VitaminA = 25.1 [9.8, 65.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.19 [0.83, 1.72] mg/100g (wet weight);