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Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Gerreidae (Mojarras)
Etymology: Gerres: Latin, gerres = a kind of anchovies; cited by Plinius.
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
বাস্তুসংস্থান
সামুদ্রিক; স্বাদু পানি; ঈষৎ লোনা তলদেশ বিহারী; এ্যামফিড্রমাস (Ref. 51243); গভীরতার পরিসীমা 1 - 50 m (Ref. 4372). Tropical; 26°C - 29°C (Ref. 4959); 32°N - 35°S, 25°E - 171°E
Indo-West Pacific: East Africa and Madagascar to Japan and Australia; New Caledonia (Ref. 26587) and Vanuatu (Ref. 13300). Enters rivers and lakes in Madagascar and the east coast of Africa. Not in the Middle East (Ref. 103159).
Length at first maturity / আকৃতি / ওজন / Age
Maturity: Lm 19.0 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 39.0 cm TL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 116875); common length : 15.0 cm SL পুরুষ/ লিঙ্গ অনিধর্ারিত ; (Ref. 4967)
পৃষ্ঠীয় কাঁটা (মোট ) : 9; পৃষ্ঠীয় নরম পাখনা দন্ড (মোট ) : 10 - 11; পায়ূ কাঁটা : 2 - 3; পায়ূর নরম পাখনা্তুন্ড: 7 - 8.
Adults are coastal inhabitants found on soft bottoms (Ref. 44894), over sandy substrate (Ref. 12693). Juveniles are found in brackish mangrove estuaries, sometimes enter fresh water (Ref. 2847, 44894), lakes (Ref. 4323), tidal creeks (Ref. 44894) and lower freshwater reaches of rivers (Ref. 12915). Feed on small crustaceans, polychaetes and forams on sand or muddy-sand bottoms (Ref. 12915), worms and insect larvae (Ref. 12693). Length at first reproduction was reported to be around 12 cm SL, for a population in a South African estuary (D. Woodland, pers.comm. 07/13). Salted or made into fish sauce.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | প্রজনন | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | শুককীট
Juveniles enter estuaries and mangrove areas at 1 cm SL and stay until they reach maturity, at which stage they move out to sea (Ref. 36558).
Woodland, D.J., 1984. Gerreidae. In W. Fischer and G. Bianchi (eds.) FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Western Indian Ocean fishing area 51. Vol. 2. [pag. var.]. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3409)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
মৎস্য: গৌণ বাণিজ্যিক
হাতিয়ার
Special reports
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ইন্টারনেট সুত্র
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.8 - 29.1, mean 28.2 °C (based on 1220 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01230 (0.01004 - 0.01507), b=3.05 (3.01 - 3.09), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
ট্রফিক পর্যায়ে (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
স্থিতিস্থাপক (Ref.
120179): উচ্চ, সর্বনিম্ন প্রজন দ্বিগুনের সময় ১৫ মাস (K=0.7).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (32 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 140 [77, 253] mg/100g; Iron = 1 [1, 2] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [16.8, 20.5] %; Omega3 = 0.24 [0.13, 0.42] g/100g; Selenium = 47.4 [26.5, 88.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 18.7 [5.9, 46.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.42 [0.97, 1.98] mg/100g (wet weight);
