Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ekologi
; sötvatten; brackvatten bentopelagisk; flodvandrande (Ref. 51243); djupintervall 5 - ? m (Ref. 4832). Subtropical; 18°C - 28°C (Ref. 12468); 34°N - 19°S
Asia: Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal and Myanmar. Introduced elsewhere.
Size / Vikt / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 182 cm TL hane/ej könsbestämd; (Ref. 41236); publicerad maxvikt: 38.6 kg (Ref. 72380)
Short description
Bestämningsnycklar | Morfologi | Morfometri
Mjukstrålar i ryggfenan (totalt) : 17; Taggstrålar i analfenan: 0; Mjukstrålar i analfenan: 7 - 8. Body deep, with depth 2.5 to 3 times in standard length (Ref. 4832). Has a large, upturned mouth (Ref. 3264), with a prominent protruding lower jaw (Ref. 4832). Pectoral fins long, extending to pelvic fins; scales conspicuously large (Ref. 4832).
Adults occur in rivers, lakes and culture ponds (Ref. 41236). Mature individuals breed in rivers (Ref. 4832). Surface and mid-water feeders, mainly omnivorous with juveniles feeding on aquatic and terrestrial insects, detritus and phytoplankton.
Menon, A.G.K., 1999. Check list - fresh water fishes of India. Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Misc. Publ., Occas. Pap. No. 175, 366 p. (Ref. 41236)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fiskeri: kommersiellt viktig; Vattenbruk: kommersiell; sportfisk: ja
Verktyg
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Estimates based on models
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00891 (0.00552 - 0.01438), b=3.08 (2.95 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
Trofisk nivå (Ref.
69278): 2.8 ±0.22 se; based on food items.
Resiliens (Ref.
120179): Mellan, lägsta populationsfördubblingstid 1,4-4,4 år (K=0.28; tm=3-5).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate to high vulnerability (47 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 186 [82, 309] mg/100g; Iron = 0.937 [0.464, 1.633] mg/100g; Protein = 17.2 [16.2, 18.2] %; Omega3 = 0.41 [0.20, 0.85] g/100g; Selenium = 132 [63, 298] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.54 [1.84, 11.88] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.25 [0.68, 1.75] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.