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Pleuronichthys verticalis Jordan & Gilbert, 1880

Hornyhead turbot
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Pleuronichthys verticalis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Pleuronichthys verticalis
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Teleostei > Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Pleuronectidae (Righteye flounders) > Pleuronichthyinae
Etymology: Pleuronichthys: Greek, pleura = side, ribe Greek, ichthys = fish (Ref. 45335).
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range 生态学

海洋 居于水底的; 深度上下限 9 - 200 m (Ref. 9331). 亞熱帶的; 44°N - 24°N, 125°W - 108°W

分布 国家 | FAO区域 | 生态系 | 标本纪录 | Point map | 简介 | Faunafri

Eastern Pacific: Point Reyes in central California, USA to southern Baja California, Mexico; isolated population in northern the Gulf of California.
東太平洋: 在美國加州中部到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部中再是的指出; 在加州灣北部的孤立族群。

大小 / 重量 / 年龄

Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 37.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 2850)

生物学特性     字汇 (例如 epibenthic)

Inhabits soft bottoms.

栖息于软质底部。

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼

東太平洋: 在美國加州中部到墨西哥的下加利福尼亞南部中再是的指出; 在加州灣北部的孤立族群。

主要参考文献 Upload your references | 参考文献 | 合作者 : Amaoka, Kunio | 合作者

Vinnikov, K.A., R.C. Thomson and T.A. Munroe, 2018. Revised classification of the righteye flounders (Teleostei: Pleuronectidae) based on multilocus phylogeny with complete taxon sampling. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 125:147-162. (Ref. 122998)

世界自然保护联盟红皮书 (Ref. 130435)

  最不相关 (LC) ; Date assessed: 25 May 2007

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

对人类的威胁

  无害处的





人类利用

渔业: 没有兴趣
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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 9.7 - 18.5, mean 15.5 °C (based on 20 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804):  PD50 = 0.5078   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01445 (0.00718 - 0.02909), b=3.02 (2.84 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref. 93245).
营养阶层 (Ref. 69278):  3.1   ±0.32 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref. 120179):  中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153):  Low to moderate vulnerability (27 of 100).