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> Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) > Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Pogonias: Greek, pogon = beard (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Ökologie

seewasser; brackwasser demersal; ozeanodrom (Ref. 51243); tiefenbereich 10 - ? m. Subtropical; 46°N - 51°S

Verbreitung Länder | FAO Gebiete | Ecosystems | Vorkommen | Point map | Einführungen | Faunafri

Western Atlantic: Nova Scotia (Ref. 7251) to Florida, Gulf of Mexico, the Antilles (uncommon), and the southern Caribbean coast; also from the Orinoco delta to Argentina.

Length at first maturity / Size / Gewicht / Alter

Maturity: L_m 64.5, range 63 - ? cm
Max length : 170 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 7251); common length : 50.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 3702); max. veröff. Gewicht: 51.3 kg (Ref. 4699); max. veröff. Alter: 43 Jahre (Ref. 7188)

Kurzbeschreibung Bestimmungsschlüssel | Morphologie | Morphometrie

Rückenflossenstacheln (insgesamt) : 11; Rückenflossenweichstrahlen (insgesamt) : 19 - 22; Afterflossenstacheln: 2; Afterflossenweichstrahlen: 5 - 7. Silvery grey to very dark, young with 4 or 5 black vertical bars on sides, disappearing with growth; pelvic and anal fins usually dark. Chin with 5 pores and 10 to 13 pairs of small barbels along median edges of lower jaws and subopercles, increasing in length posteriorly. Gas bladder with numerous lateral appendages interconnected in a complicated pattern in adult. Sagitta semicircular and moderately thin (Ref 51721).

Found usually over sand and sandy mud bottoms in coastal waters, especially in areas with large river runoffs. Juveniles often enter estuaries. Feeds mainly on crustaceans, mollusks and fishes.

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven

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Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)

IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)

nicht bedroht (LC) ; Date assessed: 30 July 2019

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Bedrohung für Menschen

Harmless

Nutzung durch Menschen

Fischereien: kommerziell; Sportfisch: ja; Aquarium: Öffentliche Aquarien

FAO - Fischereien: landings; Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 10.8 - 27.6, mean 23.5 °C (based on 326 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00757 - 0.00914), b=3.08 (3.05 - 3.11), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Trophic level (Ref. 69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on diet studies.

Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref. 120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (K=0.17; tm=3-5; tmax=43).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): High vulnerability (60 of 100).

Climate Vulnerability (Ref. 125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (54 of 100).

Preiskategorie (Ref. 80766): Low.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 38.1 [22.4, 72.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.803 [0.422, 1.361] mg/100g; Protein = 19.7 [18.0, 21.7] %; Omega3 = 0.289 [0.175, 0.459] g/100g; Selenium = 37.5 [20.9, 71.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.98 [1.88, 15.13] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.611 [0.443, 0.888] mg/100g (wet weight); based on nutrient studies.

Pogonias cromis (Linnaeus, 1766)