Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
ນິເວດວິທະຍາ
ສັດທະເລ ອາໄສຢູ່ໃກ້ໜ້າດິນໃຕ້ພື້ນທ້ອງນ້ຳ; ປາທີ່ມີການເຄື່ອນຍ້າຍໃນສະເພາະມາະຫາສະມຸດ (Ref. 51243); ລະດັບຄວາມເລິກ ? - 91 m (Ref. 5951). Subtropical; 37°N - 24°N
Western Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to North Carolina to Mississippi, USA, including the northern Gulf of Mexico.
ຂະໜາດ / ນ້ຳໜັກ / Age
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 13.0 cm TL ຕົວຜູ້/ບໍ່ມີເພດ; (Ref. 7251)
ຄີຫຼັງຂອງປາ (ຄີອ່ອນ) (ທັງໝົດ) : 68 - 83; ຄີກົ້ນຂອງປາ: 53 - 62.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | ການສືບພັນ | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | ຕົວອ່ອນ
Oviparous (Ref. 101737). Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref. 101737).
Leslie, A.J. Jr. and D.J. Stewart, 1986. Systematics and distributional ecology of Etropus (Pisces, Bothidae) on the Atlantic Coast of the United States with description of a new species. Copeia 1986(1):140-156. (Ref. 39355)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
ເຄື່ອງມື
Special reports
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ແຫຼ່ງອີນເຕີເນັດ
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 22.8 - 26.1, mean 24.1 °C (based on 218 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00871 (0.00387 - 0.01962), b=3.03 (2.83 - 3.23), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
ຊັ້ນເຂດຮ້ອນ (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.2 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
ຄວາມຢືດຢຸ່ນ (Ref.
120179): ສູງ, ປະຊາກອນຕຳ່ສຸດທີ່ໃຊ້ເວລາສອງໜ້ອຍກວ່າ 15 ເດືອນ (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
