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> Pleuronectiformes (Flatfishes) > Cyclopsettidae (Sand whiffs)
Etymology: Etropus: Greek, etron, -on = lower abdomen + Greek, pous = feet.
More on authors: Jordan & Gilbert.

Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range Écologie

marin; saumâtre démersal; océanodrome (Ref. 51243); profondeur 0 - 100 m (Ref. 115829), usually 0 - 30 m (Ref. 5217). Subtropical; 11°C - 31°C (Ref. 47167); 40°N - 34°S, 117°W - 34°W

Distribution Pays | Zones FAO | Écosystèmes | Occurrences | Point map | Introductions | Faunafri

Eastern Central Pacific: Baja California to Peru (Ref. 9330); Northwestern Central Atlantic: Canada (Ref. 5951) to Chesapeake Bay, USA to the Antilles and southern Brazil.

Length at first maturity / Taille / Poids / Âge

Maturity: L_m 8.5, range 8 - ? cm
Max length : 21.3 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 124487); common length : 15.0 cm TL mâle / non sexé; (Ref. 5217); poids max. publié: 64.40 g (Ref. 124487); âge max. reporté: 1.21 années (Ref. 47359)

Description synthétique Clés d'identification | Morphologie | Morphométrie

Épines dorsales (Total) : 0; Rayons mous dorsaux (Total) : 73 - 87; Épines anales: 0; Rayons mous anaux: 57 - 68.

Inhabits sandy and muddy bottoms (Ref. 9330). Common in estuaries (Ref. 9330). Feeds on big, benthic invertebrates and small fishes (Ref. 9330). Utilized fresh (Ref. 9330).

Life cycle and mating behavior Maturities | Reproduction | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larves

Oviparous (Ref. 101737). Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref. 101737).

Référence principale Upload your references | Références | Coordinateur | Collaborateurs

Figueiredo, J.L. and N.A. Menezes, 2000. Manual de peixes marinhos do sudeste do Brasil. VI.Teleostei (5). Museu de Zoologia, Universidade de São Paulo. Brazil. 116 p. (Ref. 36453)

Statut dans la liste rouge de l'IUCN (Ref. 130435)

Préoccupation mineure (LC) ; Date assessed: 29 January 2013

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Menace pour l'homme

Harmless

Utilisations par l'homme

Pêcheries: intérêt commercial mineur

FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

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Estimates based on models

Preferred temperature (Ref. 123201): 21.1 - 28, mean 25.7 °C (based on 862 cells).

Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref. 82804): PD₅₀ = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].

Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00661 - 0.01047), b=3.10 (3.03 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).

Niveau trophique (Ref. 69278): 3.5 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.

Generation time: 2.4 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2 growth studies.

Résilience (Ref. 120179): Haut, temps minimum de doublement de population inférieur à 15 mois (tmax=1.2; k >0.3).

Fishing Vulnerability (Ref. 59153): Low vulnerability (11 of 100).

Catégorie de prix (Ref. 80766): Very high.

Nutrients (Ref. 124155): Calcium = 191 [89, 438] mg/100g; Iron = 1.64 [0.75, 3.24] mg/100g; Protein = 17.7 [15.6, 19.8] %; Omega3 = 0.244 [0.120, 0.523] g/100g; Selenium = 36.6 [16.0, 86.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 4.61 [1.15, 21.44] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.06 [0.66, 1.63] mg/100g (wet weight);

Etropus crossotus Jordan & Gilbert, 1882