Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
экология
морской демерсальный; пределы глубины 46 - 366 m (Ref. 5951). Subtropical; 45°N - 21°N
Western Atlantic: Georges Bank to southern Florida, USA and eastern Gulf of Mexico from Florida to Yucatan, Mexico.
Size / Вес / Возраст
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL самец/пол неопределен; (Ref. 7251)
Occurs in deeper water. Rarely found in shallow water.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | размножение | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | личинки
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Oviparous (Ref. 101737). Females produce numerous eggs in multiple spawnings during a prolonged spawning period (Ref. 101737).
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
Статус Красного Списка МСОП (Ref. 130435)
Угроза для людей
Harmless
Использование человеком
дополнительная информация
инструменты
Специальные отчеты
Скачать в формате XML
ресурсы в Интернет
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 4.8 - 22.8, mean 7.6 °C (based on 90 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00420 - 0.02273), b=3.07 (2.86 - 3.28), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.3 ±0.1 se; based on diet studies.
устойчивость к внешним воздействиям (Ref.
120179): высокий, минимальное время удвоения популяции до 15 месяцев (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
