分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Argyrosomus: Greek, argyros = silvered, silver + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Lacepède.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 居於水底的; 深度上下限 ? - 400 m (Ref. 27121), usually 15 - 150 m (Ref. 27121). 亞熱帶的; 13°C - 24°C (Ref. 3593); 11°N - 27°S, 43°E - 51°E
Indian Ocean: endemic to Madagascar (Ref. 11025). Reports from "Ghana to South Africa" (Ref. 57396) refer to Argyrosomus regius and Argyrosomus coronus (Ref. 11025).
西印度洋: 馬達加斯加的特有種。
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 200 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 4336); common length : 100.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9772); 最大體重: 71.0 kg (Ref. 5369); 最大年齡: 30 年 (Ref. 12198)
背棘 (總數) : 11; 背的軟條 (總數) : 26 - 30; 臀棘: 2; 臀鰭軟條: 7. Body silvery; fins grey or brown; upper end of pectoral base with a black blotch (Ref. 4373).
身體銀色的; 鰭灰色的或褐色; 胸鰭基底的上端具有一個黑色的斑塊。 (參考文獻 4373)
Found in lower reaches of rivers, estuaries, rocky reefs, ocean beaches and on the continental shelf down to 150 m (Ref. 9772). Caught near the bottom and in mid-water. Feed mainly at night or in turbid waters (Ref. 27121), preying on cuttlefish (Ref. 27121), fishes, crabs, prawns, and worms (Ref. 9772).
發現於河川下游，河口，岩礁了, 海洋海灘而且在大陸棚上向下至 150 公尺.(參考文獻 9772) 在底部的附近與在中層水域中捕捉了。 主要地吃在晚上或在混濁的水域 (參考文獻 27121) 中, 捕食墨魚 (參考文獻 27121) ，魚，螃蟹，蝦，與蠕蟲.(參考文獻 9772)
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
西印度洋: 馬達加斯加的特有種。
Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435: Version 2024-2)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 21.4 - 27.6, mean 25.9 °C (based on 60 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00562 (0.00332 - 0.00953), b=3.06 (2.92 - 3.20), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & (Sub)family-body (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 4.5 ±0.8 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 非常低的, 最小族群倍增時間超過14 年 (K=0.03; tm=6).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (90 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (53 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 25.3 [8.9, 63.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.471 [0.168, 1.367] mg/100g; Protein = 20.1 [18.2, 22.0] %; Omega3 = 0.355 [0.203, 0.580] g/100g; Selenium = 32 [11, 105] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.51 [2.03, 22.25] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.481 [0.343, 0.711] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
