分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria)
鱸形目 (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Sciaenidae (Drums or croakers)
石首魚科 (Drums or croakers)
Etymology: Argyrosomus: Greek, argyros = silvered, silver + Greek, soma = body (Ref. 45335); regius: A. hololepidotus in Ref. 57396 refers to A. regius and A. coronus based distribution and Ref. 11025..
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 底中水层性; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 15 - 300 m (Ref. 2683). 亞熱帶的; 65°N - 6°S, 23°W - 36°E
Eastern Atlantic: Norway to Gibraltar and Congo, including the Mediterranean and the Black Sea. Migrated to the Red Sea via the Suez Canal.
東大西洋: 挪威到直布羅陀與剛果, 包括地中海與黑海。 經由蘇伊士運河迴游到紅海了。
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?, range 80 - ? cm
Max length : 230 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 5377); common length : 150 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 3593); 最大体重: 103.0 kg (Ref. 11036)
背棘 (总数) : 10 - 11; 背的软条 (总数) : 27 - 29. Rough scales, Second dorsal fin (soft ray) twice as long as first, spiny rayed dorsal fin (Ref. 35388).
鳞片粗糙的, 第二背鳍鳍 (软的鳍条) 第一个两倍长于, 刺状的有鳍条的背鳍.(参考文献 35388)
Adults are found inshore and shelf waters, close to bottom as well as in surface and mid-waters, pursuing shoals of clupeids and mugilids. They congregate inshore to spawn during spring and summer. Juveniles and sub-adults enter estuaries and coastal lagoons (Ref. 3593). Both adults and juveniles are migratory moving along shore or offshore-onshore in response to temperature change (Ref. 11025). Feed on fishes and swimming crustaceans.
沿海地区与大陆架水域, 接近底部以及在表面与被追逐的中层水域中鲱鱼与鲻科鱼类的鱼群。 聚集沿海地区到产卵在春天与夏天期间。 稚鱼与亚成鱼进入河口与岸边泻湖。 (参考文献 3593) 成鱼和稚鱼是回游的移动沿着海岸或离陆-向陆反应温度改变.(参考文献 11025) 吃鱼与游泳甲壳动物。
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | 繁殖 | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | 仔鱼
東大西洋: 挪威到直布羅陀與剛果, 包括地中海與黑海。 經由蘇伊士運河迴游到紅海了。
Chao, L.N. and E. Trewavas, 1990. Sciaenidae. p. 813-826. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3593)
人类利用
渔业: 商业性; 游钓鱼种: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 13.3 - 19.4, mean 15.3 °C (based on 169 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5020 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00832 (0.00756 - 0.00915), b=3.07 (3.04 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 4.3 ±0.75 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增时间4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.09).
Prior r = 0.28, 95% CL = 0.19 - 0.42, Based on 3 data-limited stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Very high vulnerability (79 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (48 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 18.3 [6.5, 50.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.438 [0.149, 1.307] mg/100g; Protein = 19.4 [17.5, 21.4] %; Omega3 = 0.322 [0.172, 0.553] g/100g; Selenium = 34.1 [11.0, 127.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 11.8 [3.7, 39.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.471 [0.336, 0.696] mg/100g (wet weight); based on
nutrient studies.
