Myoxocephalus quadricornis, Fourhorn sculpin : fisheries

Myoxocephalus quadricornis (Linnaeus, 1758)

Fourhorn sculpin
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Native range | All suitable habitat | Point map | Year 2050
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Myoxocephalus quadricornis   AquaMaps   Data sources: GBIF OBIS
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Image of Myoxocephalus quadricornis (Fourhorn sculpin)
Myoxocephalus quadricornis
Foto de Bull. U.S. Bur. Fish.

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> Perciformes/Cottoidei (Sculpins) > Cottidae (Sculpins)
Etymology: Myoxocephalus: Greek, myos = muscle, and also, mouse + Greek, kephale = head (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Linnaeus.

Taxonomic Remarks
Some authors use the genus Triglopsis for this species. See the list of references in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Sep. 2011: Ref. 88002). More studies are needed.

Entorno: milieu / zona climática / rango de profundidad / gama de distribución Ecología

marino; agua dulce; salobre demersal; rango de profundidad 0 - 100 m (Ref. 58496). Polar; 83°N - 41°N, 180°W - 180°E

Distribución Territorios | Áreas FAO | Ecosistemas | Ocurrencias, apariciones | Mapa de puntos | Introducciones | Faunafri

Atlantic and Arctic: Baltic coast of Sweden, Finland, Russia and southwestern to eastern Poland; western coast of Sweden to northern coast of Norway, eastward to White and Barents Sea basins. In Siberia eastward to about Anadyr estuary. Landlocked populations in Sweden, central Finland and Karelia (Ref. 59043). Arctic drainages of North America (Ref. 5723).

Longitud en la primera madurez / Tamaño / Peso / Edad

Madurez: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 60.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 2058); common length : 30.0 cm TL macho / no sexado; (Ref. 2058); peso máximo publicado: 260.00 g (Ref. 27547); edad máxima reportada: 14 años (Ref. 12193)

Descripción breve Claves de identificación | Morfología | Morfometría

Espinas dorsales (total) : 7 - 9; Radios blandos dorsales (total) : 13 - 16; Espinas anales: 0; Radios blandos anales: 13 - 17; Vértebra: 37 - 42. Identified by the four bony protuberances on the top of the head (the protuberances are smaller in females and young and absent in the freshwater form), the chainlike lateral line, the sharp spines on the preoperculum, and the absence of palatine teeth (Ref. 27547). Gill rakers reduced to rounded, spiny protuberances (Ref. 27547). Soft dorsal often much enlarged in adult males; caudal truncate to slightly rounded (Ref. 27547). Young gray above, with three or four dark saddles below dorsal fins and a dark spot on dorsal side of caudal peduncle; adults are darker; spiny dorsal fin dusted with black; soft dorsal, anal, pectoral and caudal fins have dark bars; pelvic fins pale (Ref. 27547).
Body shape (shape guide): fusiform / normal.

Biología     Glosario (por ej. epibenthic)

Occurs in cold brackish and moderately saline water near the coast (Ref. 27547). Enters coastal rivers and may occur as far as 120 miles inland (Ref. 5723). Landlocked in lakes (Ref. 59043). Maximum depth reported at 100m (Ref. 35388). Benthic (Ref. 58426). Movements are limited to short onshore-offshore seasonal movements and mass movements of fry into shallow water in autumn (Ref. 28908, 28910). Moreover, there are no migrations of large numbers; movement into freshwater and long distances up rivers are apparently undertaken by relatively few individuals at a time (Ref. 27547). Diurnal from November to April but is largely nocturnal the rest of the year (Ref. 28905). Feeds on small crustaceans, fishes (Ref. 4968) and molluscs (Ref. 58426). Spawning takes place in shallow waters, male digs a groove in the gravel where pairing and egg laying occur. Move to deeper water in the spring, where they stay in summer (Ref. 35388). Landlocked populations are locally threatened (Ref. 59043).

Ciclo vital y comportamiento de apareamiento Madurez | Reproducción | Puesta | Huevos | Fecundidad | Larva

Males become territorial and aggressive toward other males with the approach of the spawning season. Two or three days prior to spawning, the females become restless and swim about between short periods of rest. When a female swims over a male, he undulates his body from side to side and raises his spiny dorsal fin, If the female comes to rest near the male, he moves close to her in a series of short darts. Both then fan rhythymically with their pectoral fins, making a hole. The pair lie side by side, with the male's caudal fin twisted under that of the female. The male make rhythmic motions toward the female with his tail, and the motions apparently stimulate her to release her eggs (Ref. 28900, 28901). After spawning the female leaves the nest; the eggs are fanned and guarded by the male until hatching which occurs in the spring (Ref. 27547).

Referencia principal Suba sus referencias | Referencias | Coordinador | Colaboradores

Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814)

Situación en la Lista Roja de la UICN (Ref. 130435: Version 2025-2 (Global))

  Least Concern (LC) ; Date assessed: 07 February 2023

CITES

Not Evaluated

CMS (Ref. 116361)

Not Evaluated

Amenaza para el ser humano

  Harmless





Usos humanos

Pesquerías: pesquerías de subsistencia
FAO - Publication: search | FishSource | Sea Around Us

Más información

Ecología Trófica
Alimentos (presas)
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Fuentes de Internet

AFORO (otoliths) | Aquatic Commons | BHL | Cloffa | Websites from users | Check FishWatcher | CISTI | Catalog of Fishes: Género, Especie | DiscoverLife | ECOTOX | FAO - Publication: search | Faunafri | Fishipedia | Fishtrace | GloBI | Google Books | Google Scholar | Google | IGFA World Record | Bases de datos nacionales | OneZoom | Open Tree of Life | Otolith Atlas of Taiwan Fishes | PubMed | Reef Life Survey | Socotra Atlas | TreeBase | Árbol de la vida | Wikipedia: Go, búsqueda | World Records Freshwater Fishing | Expediente Zoológico

Estimaciones basadas en modelos

Temperatura preferida (Referencia 123201): -1.8 - 4.3, mean -1 °C (based on 6042 cells).
Índice de diversidad filogenética (Referencia 82804):  PD50 = 0.5000   [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00724 (0.00583 - 0.00901), b=3.13 (3.07 - 3.19), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref. 93245).
Nivel trófico (Referencia 69278):  3.9   ±0.62 se; based on food items.
Resiliencia (Referencia 120179):  Bajo, población duplicada en un tiempo mínimo de 4.5-14 años (tm=3-5; tmax=14; Fec=792).
Vulnerabilidad pesquera (Ref. 59153):  Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100). 🛈
Categoría de precios (Ref. 80766):   Low.
Nutrientes (Ref. 124155):  Calcium = 73.6 [14.2, 243.1] mg/100g; Iron = 0.358 [0.135, 1.153] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [15.8, 20.9] %; Omega3 = 0.493 [0.205, 1.367] g/100g; Selenium = 13.3 [5.5, 31.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 9.77 [2.06, 48.14] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.784 [0.313, 1.423] mg/100g (wet weight);