Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ökologie
seewasser; brackwasser demersal, usually 11 - 13 m (Ref. 58018). Subtropical; 37°N - 19°N, 98°W - 70°W
Western Atlantic: North Carolina, USA to Cuba, and around Gulf of Mexico to Texas, USA.
Size / Gewicht / Alter
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL Männchen/unbestimmt; (Ref. 26340)
Found from bays and estuaries to the mid-shelf.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Fortpflanzung | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larven
Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott, 1991. Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814)
IUCN Rote Liste Status (Ref. 130435)
Bedrohung für Menschen
Harmless
Nutzung durch Menschen
Fischereien: kommerziell
Tools
Zusatzinformationen
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Internet Quellen
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.4 - 27.8, mean 26.5 °C (based on 341 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00525 (0.00220 - 0.01254), b=3.13 (2.92 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.6 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Widerstandsfähigkeit (Ref.
120179): mittel, Verdopplung der Population dauert 1,4 - 4,4 Jahre. (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 118 [57, 252] mg/100g; Iron = 1.25 [0.67, 2.29] mg/100g; Protein = 16.8 [14.5, 19.7] %; Omega3 = 0.388 [0.179, 1.038] g/100g; Selenium = 29.5 [14.4, 66.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 23.5 [9.7, 59.1] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.913 [0.617, 1.331] mg/100g (wet weight);
