Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecologia
marino; salmastro demersale. Tropical; - 21°S
Western Atlantic: Bahamas, southeastern Florida and northern Gulf of Mexico in USA to Brazil.
Size / Peso / Age
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.0 cm TL maschio/sesso non determinato; (Ref. 7251)
Spine dorsali (totale) : 6; Raggi dorsali molli (totale) : 11; Spine anali: 1; Raggi anali molli: 9.
Inhabits sandy to marl bottoms in full-salinity coastal waters and mangrove areas.
Life cycle and mating behavior
Maturities | Riproduzione | Spawnings | Egg(s) | Fecundities | Larve
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Strumenti
Special reports
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Fonti Internet
Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.6 - 28, mean 26.5 °C (based on 298 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5625 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01023 (0.00391 - 0.02676), b=3.02 (2.79 - 3.25), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
Trophic level (Ref.
69278): 3.4 ±0.5 se; based on size and trophs of closest relatives
Resilienza (Ref.
120179): Medio, tempo minimo di raddoppiamento della popolazione 1.4 - 4.4 anni (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).